The transition of television channels from analog to digital has freed up a considerable amount of unused portions of spectrum called TV white spaces. Providing unlicensed access over TV bands will offer a wide range of possibilities for future open and flexible spectrum policies and provide additional bandwidth for mobile and wireless broadband services. For instance, the IEEE 802.22 is a concrete example of recent standards opting for TVWS to deploy WRAN infrastructures in rural and remote areas. The WIFI technology IEEE 802.11af has also been introduced as a possible candidate for operating as a secondary system over TV bands. Recently in February 2014, this standard was approved.
What are the future trends of research and investment in IEEE 802.11af? What are the commercial and technical constraints?