"Synthetic resins of low molecular weight produced by polymerization of mixtures of unsaturated compounds (primarily indene and coumarone), which have been extracted from the by-products of coal coking (crude benzene) and from the aromatic high-boiling products of petroleum pyrolysis. Fractions containing about 30 percent indene, 15 percent coumarone, and 5 percent styrene are used in the manufacture of coumarone-indene resins. The monomer mixture is polymerized in the presence of boron fluoride, aluminum chloride, or sulfuric acid. Various types of coumaroneindene resins are produced, ranging in color from bright yellow to dark brown and with a melting point between 60° and 140°C.
Most coumarone–indene, petroleum, and polyterpene resins are produced by carbocationic polymerization using Lewis acid catalysis."
I need the reaction steps of indene and coumarone through cationic polymerization but I can not find it.
Thank you.
Hedieh - To give you some information about the mechanism of carbocationic polymerization using Lewis acid catalysis please find attached a useful article entitled "Carbocationic polymerization: Mechanisms and kinetics of propagation reactions" which is also available on RG:
Article Carbocationic polymerization: Mechanisms and kinetics of pro...
Also attached is an (older) article entitled "IR spectra and structure of polymers of indene and coumarone". I hope this helps you with your study.
Frank T. Edelmann I appreciate you and thank you for sharing these useful articles, but unfortunately the answer I was looking for was not in these articles.
Dear Hedieh - Perhaps the attached article entitled "Indene Polymerization under the Action of Titanium Tetrachloride" gives you some more insight into the reaction mechanism of cationic polymerization involving indene. Unfortunately the relevant references 1 and 2 cited in this article on the co-polymerization of indene and coumarone are both written in Russian.
Hello Frank T. Edelmann very useful references, he Russian translated paper is good on explaining the twists of situations on mechanism interpretation. Their are school of thoughts that consider it polymerizes on a straight patterned way and other by resin pattern. USEFULL !
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