Hi Tung,

The main component of a fire alarm system in offshore engineering is the detection system which should be  based on multiple principals, such as gas detectors  heat detectors, flame detectors etc. Secondly there should a number of them to cover all areas. Each type  of detectors should come from multiple vendors in order to avoid  common cause failure. 

In addition you need some sort of logic software which decide on a voting system, for example two out of three detectors must show positive results. When 2O3 system send command to shut down the system then the system automatically shuts down.  There also must be manual override in case if the automatic system doesn't work or detectors have failed. False alarm is costly thus  the number of detectors and their types must be more than needed.

If you are looking for an idea to  work on, perhaps finding a methodology which ensure total coverage. People are using evolutionary optimization to do this. 

Hi Tung,

Have read and see if these of any interest to you.

https://www.icheme.org/~/media/Documents/Subject%20Groups/Safety_Loss_Prevention/Hazards%20Archive/XXII/XXII-Paper-47.pdf

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=681008&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D681008

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=862769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D862769

http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0219876213500357