Global warming and climate change both refer to the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects. More than 90% of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming; the remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere.The observed increases in global average surface temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide have been much faster in recent decades than the natural changes of previous millennia, and levels are now higher than at any time for hundreds of thousands of years prior.
In spite of much progress to understanding the climate change projections and its impacts,
STILL THERE ARE MANY UNCERTAINTIES.
Global warming has the following effects:
1. Global warming is increasing the average temperature of our earth due to green house gases.
2. Global warming has responsible for many extreme weather events like floods, natural fires and drought in many parts of world.
3. it is responsible for loss of biodiversity due to change in weather pattern and climatic conditions.
4. it is enhancing the water and airborne diseases.
5. As you mentioned it is also responsible for melting of glaciers.
6. it is responsible for climate change.
7. it is responsible for rising the sea level.
8. it can decrease the crop yield in future.
9. it may be responsible for for desertification and deforestation.
Oceans have indeed absorbed 93% of the extra energy from the enhanced greenhouse effect and ~30% of anthropogenic CO2 from the atmosphere. Here and there, oceans play a fundamental role through the incorporation of this extra atmospheric energy.
And to not forget the social, economic and political impacts of climate change.
P.S. it is better to say climate change and variability. Climate change implies global warming and global cooling.
Dear @Marcelo, you have already got fine answers to your question. For the purpose of your research, I will attach some good threads on global warming where many good response were given! Dilemma was raised also about the direction of temperature change!
https://www.researchgate.net/post/The_global_temperature_is_changing_but_do_we_really_know_in_which_direction
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_hot_the_world_will_be_as_a_result_of_global_climate_change
many different impacts are already known/discussed and I guess that about many we do not have any idea. Some are:sea-level rise, impacts on agriculture and food security, issues on health, issues on increase in intensity of natural hazards, impacts on oceans currents, issues on freshwater / groundwater / salinization. Acitification of oceans and impacts on coral reefs, This will have impacts on people's livelihoods, .....
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