Hi! Cooperative learning and collaborative learning both require interactions, free flow of information among the channels and the members involved in the learning process. Thanks

you are right mam but we can go little deep to know the differences like one difference is that CP learning is related to American education and CL to UK

Hi, I do agree, sometimes the difference between cooperative and collaborative learning is confusing because both of them require interactions in group work. But you can find the difference in the purpose of them. Cooperative learning focuses on group achievement while collaborative learning focuses on students's skill improvement or personal achievement by doing task together.

In cooperative learning, students divide and work independently on a piece of work and finally put together each individual contributions without much discussion and consider it as group work.

In collaborative learning, students build on each other contributions to the piece of work, debate and argue until they reach a group consensus. They collectively learn as a group versus in cooperative learning, they independently learn as a group.

Oxford (1997) published a paper on the Modern Language Journal, clearly discerning the strands of cooperative learning, collaborative learning and interaction. According to her, the purpose of cooperative learning is to enhance "cognitive and social skills via a set of known techniques" (p. 444) whereas the purpose of collaborative learning is to "[acculturate] learners into knowledge communities" (ibid.). You may refer to this Journal (Vol. 81, No. 4) for detailed distinctions.

Any interaction between students@ in the form of groups is a collaborative learning while cooperative learning has its specific form. Before working on the material, there are five components that should be done in a way to maintain acceptance and success of each group. Some of these components are: positive interdependence and individual responsibility.

Co-op education is where students work for part of an academic year in their particular major in the field. For example, a student is a Parks and Recreation major and interested in working for the national parks. They will spend time on campus taking classes and at the beginning of the park season's opening will work with the parks starting potentially spring and through the summer season and then back on campus the fall term.

Collaborative learning is where students work collectively on a project. For example, in online classes, students are given a project to do. The "collaborate" learning when they discuss the direction of the project, who will do what, by when, etc. The collaboration is via group chats, group texts, group discussion boards, etc.

Thank you all. I agree that the two types of learning can be confusing unless we do deep research to actually grasp the differences if any. See what I found below:

Cooperative learning and collaborative learning can be used interchangeably. This is because they are both based on small group active students’ participation over passive-lecture-based teaching. Call to attention is the fact that both cooperative and collaborative learning are founded in constructivism. For example, first, knowledge is constructed, discovered and transformed by students. Second, students actively construct their own knowledge. Learning is conceived of something a learner does, not something that is done to a learner. In the world of pedagogy, a shift to constructivism has been long in the making (Dewey, Piaget & Vygotsky).

Hence, although in some cases, Cooperative and collaborative learning are used interchangeably, they are not the same. Let’s do some contrasting:

1. Cooperative can be considered part of collaborative learning because collaboration is the process of working together while cooperation is the product of interaction.

2. Collaboration is a philosophy of interaction of personal lifestyle whereas cooperation is a structure of interaction designed to facilitate the accomplishment of the end product.

3. Cooperative learning is teacher-centred with group-tasks usually more closed-ended and often having specific answers. In contrast, collaborative learning is student-centred. Small groups are often given more open-ended complex tasks and the teacher is just a facilitator.

4. In practice, cooperative learning is most effective with foundational knowledge of earlier grades while collaborative learning is more suitable for non-foundational knowledge of later years pushing students to draw conclusions.

Sources: wufei87, Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., & Hollucbec, E. J. (1884).



Cooperation learning is defined by a set of processes which help people interact together in order to accomplish a specific goal, whereas the underlying premise of collaborative learning is based upon building compromise through the teamwork displayed by group members

The two learning strategies are based on Vygotsky's social constructivist theory of learning. Social interaction occurred in both cases. Classwide Peer tutoring, Peer Led guided Inquiry, Peer reciprocal teaching among others are examples of cooperative learning. Mostly teacher duty is to moderate students learning. However, in collaborative learning experts are involved and the experts used diffusion/communication theory of innovation is applied where innovation is communicated through certain channel over time among members of social system.

Siendo las dos opciones estrategias de aprendizajes, que se basan en la interacción de los estudiantes y docentes, la diferencia a tener en cuenta tiene que ver con el objetivo: si se trata de reforzar lo que se aprende de manera individual, la colaboración marca la relación; pero, si lo que se busca es lograr un mismo objetivo de aprendizaje, la cooperación es el elemento básico que hace posible sumar capacidades y habilidades para un objetivo común y de beneficio colectivo.

The differences between cooperative and collaborative learning

Collaborative learning

Students progress personally, while collectively working towards a common goal. Students are accountable to one another and, with appropriate direction, will self-manage this. Pupils learn to better understand and anticipate differences, recognize it in themselves and others, and use it to their advantage.

Cooperative learning

Like the cast and crew of a theatre production, co-operation involves interdependence. Roles and responsibilities are clearly defined but are open for negotiation. This method of collaboration brings with it a strong sense of accountability.

Cooperative learning occurs within a class arrangement while collaborative learning goes beyond the boundaries of a classroom. Collaborative learning is bigger than cooperative learning because it sometimes calls for convergence of various disciplines and beyond in order to learn.

Collaborative learning is linked with the theory of "zone of proximal development"; according to this theory, it is the distance between the part that a learner can do without help, and what they can do with support from another person who is more knowledgable in that part. The learning has become better for both of them as they collaborate in their work. Collaboration can happen in research projects and can happen between individuals from different institutes and countries.

Co-operative learning is about organisations made by educators in the classrooms or tutorials to enable students to co-operate in their academic activities and social learning experiences. However, such cooperation might not work as planned. The teachers should help and train learners on how to accomplish successful cooperation.

As you can see, there are several differences between the two terms.

The difference between them is very subtle. Collaborative learning is more independent for individuals than Cooperative learning

For classroom implementation, cooperative learning is applied in the foundational classes (early years) where as collaborative learning is applied in the upper classes where students collaborate to solve problems.

Collaborative learning

Students progress personally, while collectively working towards a common goal. Students are accountable to one another but co-operation involves interdependence. Roles and responsibilities are clearly defined This method of collaboration brings with it a strong sense of accountability.

According to Laister and Kober (2002: 1), collaborative learning is defined as "any kind of group learning in which there are some meaningful learning interactions between learners". There is a joint processing of tasks. The development is carried out together. A joint understanding of the task and its goal is a prerequisite for this.

Cooperative learning, on the other hand, is a form of interaction in which the persons involved acquire knowledge and skills together and in mutual exchange (Konrad & Traub 2005: 5). Here, each group member takes on a sub-task which, when put together, produce the common result.

The main similarity between cooperative and collaborative learning is that there are interactions between the participants of the respective partner or group work which influence the work process.

Cooperative learning can be said to be the instructional use of small groups so that students work together to maximize their own and each other’s learning. It stems from two theories, structure-process-outcome theory, and social interdependence theory (Johnson and Johnson, 2019). On the structure process outcome theory, the teacher structures learning goals to create desired processes of interaction among students and between student and teacher. As a result, Promethean Blog (2017) highlights that in cooperative learning, teachers structure activities, supply the information for students to read and analyze, then the teacher observes, listens, and intervenes where necessary. On social interdependence, the interdependence among members is created by common goals and change in the state of a member can modify the state of other members. Therefore, the success of the group depends on the efforts of everyone involved, and the students submit their work for evaluation.

On the other hand, collaborative learning involves the promotion of exchange and participation of each member of a group in order to build a shared cognition. It stems from three theories, socio-cognitive conflict theory, intersubjectivity theory, and distributed cognition theory, all of which are said to be an expression of social constructivism (Roselli, 2016). Socio-cognitive conflict theory implies multiplicity of perspectives that converge in different social situations leading to cognitive decentering of subject and hence, intellectual progress. Intersubjectivity theory implies that individual consciousness emerges due to a thorough communicative interaction with others. Distributed cognition theory implies that human cognitive functioning should be considered in terms of being distributed in the environment of tools and the involved social agents. As a result of these, Promethean Blog (2017) also highlights that in collaborative theory, students organize their efforts between themselves and source for materials to help them complete a task, as opposed to cooperative learning. The activities are not monitored by the teacher, and students assess their own individual group performance.

References

Promethean Blog. (2017). Collaborative learning vs Coperative learning: What is the difference. ResourcEd a Promethean Blog. https://resourced.prometheanworld.com/collaborative-cooperative-learning/

Roselli, N. D. (2016). El aprendizaje colaborativo: Bases teóricas y estrategias aplicables en la enseñanza universitaria. Propósitos y Representaciones, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.20511/pyr2016.v4n1.90

W. Johnson, D., & T. Johnson, R. (2019). Cooperative Learning: The Foundation for Active Learning. In S. Manuel Brito (Ed.), Active Learning—Beyond the Future. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81086

I agree with Samuel Ojode.

Following.

Collaborative learning is a method of teaching and learning in which students team together to explore a significant question or create a meaningful project. Cooperative learning is a specific kind of collaborative learning.

In Collaborative learning, all the members of a group interact with each other or transfer knowledge to accomplish a common task/goal/project; while in cooperative learning, the interaction among the member of a group is to complete their individual tasks.

Here are just some of the similarities that exist between a cooperative learning and collaborative learning approach for students:

• Rely on active student participation rather than passive, lecture-based teaching
• Students assume a degree of responsibility for their own learning
• Teachers act as facilitators to learning
• Require pupils to complete a task/project

The differences between cooperative and collaborative learning

• Students organise their efforts between themselves (group-structured)
• Students source material to help them complete the activity
• The activity is not monitored by the teacher (although they can help when assistance is requested by the group)
• Students assess their own individual and group performance

Cooperative: Students receive training in small group social skills. Activities are structured with each student having a specific role. The teacher observes, listens and intervenes in a group when necessary. Students submit work at the end of class for evaluation. Students assess individual and group performance.

Collaborative: There is the belief that students already have the necessary social skills, and that they will build on their existing skills in order to reach their goals. Students organize and negotiate efforts themselves. The activity is not monitored by the instructor. When questions are directed towards the teacher, the teacher guides the students to the information needed. Students retain drafts to complete further work. Students assess individual and group performance.