I provide the abstract of the work of San José, 2016:
"Climate change is expected to influence urban living conditions and challenge the ability of cities to adapt and mitigate climate change. This paper describes a new modelling system for climate change impact assessments on urban climate and air quality with feasible computational costs (the expected CPU time is too large for actual supercomputer platforms). The system takes the outputs from a global climate model, which are injected into a dynamical regional climate model (WRF-Chem) with the nested capability activated,
with 25 km spatial resolution. In addition, the system uses a diagnostic meteorological model (CALMET) to produce urban detailed information (with 200 m spatial resolution) using this downscaling procedure. At the city level, a simplified chemical-transport model(based on CMAQ and using linear chemistry) is used to map the spatial distribution of the pollutants. The system is applied to five European cities: Madrid, Antwerp, Milan, Helsinki and London (Kensington–Chelsea area). The modelling system was used to simulate the
climate and air quality for present year (2011) and future years (2030, 2050 and 2100) using 2011 emissions as control run, because we want to investigate the effects on the global climate on the actual (2011) cities. Effects on temperature, precipitation, and ozone are also considered. We compare the climate and air concentrations in future years 2030, 2050 and 2100 with the control year (2011). Comparison of simulations for present situation (using NNRP reanalysis 2011 data sets) shows acceptable agreement with measurements which give us strong confidence on the results for the RCP IPCC climate future simulations for 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios."
Hi George,
and thank you for question. I am aware of the work of San José et al. (2016 & 2017) and value them as an inspiring source for my thesis. There are some major and minor differences, especially regarding the model chain and the aim of my work.
Regarding the aim: I want to compare and evaluate the combined effects of land-use (urban structures), climate and emission legislation (following RCP scenarios) on urban air quality. Moreover I will not focus on single years, I will evaluate periods of at least 10 years, to take into account the variability of climate and its influences, due to the fact, that there is nothing like a statistical "meteorological standard year".
Regarding the model chain: I will use a similar approach as Jose et al. (2016) did, also using CMAQ to 1km. But at this point, I will use two different city scale CTMs to simulate the air quality instead of using the "Cressman analysis". Resolutions of up to 100 m will be modeled. Within this model chain all influences (emissions, diagnostic meteorology, landuse, ...) will be considered with 100m resolution. Therefore one of my milestone is to create an emission model (based on SMOKE-EU (Bieser et al. 2011) that is able to model emissions with a resolution of up to 100m for Europe (incl. temperature dependent emissions and sophisticated parametrizations for other sectors) - this is a big advantage compared to the EMIMO model as used by San José et al. (2016).
Due to the status of my PhD project as a "working title", methods and approaches might change. But at this moment, I hope I could answer your question.
Best regards,
Martin
Very well Martin, sounds a very good plan. I am expecting to read your publications. I liked very much the one of Roberto. I am looking in the literature for possible ways to combine mesoscale and microscale atmospheric models using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Any suggestion is welcome.
Best regards,
George
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