I want to know the difference between standard sand and river sand in terms of its physical and chemical properties.
Useful articleResearch Evaluation of sea sand and river sand properties and their comparison
Briefly, river sands are washed of fines and organic materials sometimes present in residual or alluvial soil deposits. Most rivers include some portion of sands, along with some portion of gravel, cobbles and sometimes boulders, but clay and silt particles are typically removed except in local areas with low velocities. Sometimes a river with high sources of sand will have locations of nearly pure sand, desirable for high strength construction grade. The river sands have little chemical properties as compared to sandy soils, which may have some portion of silt, clay and organics. Mining of river sands can impact channel morphology and stability, both upstream and downstream. Most likely mining of river sands within the annual sand budget or in sections with aggrading channels is less impactive. Sand in particle size analysis of river substrates can vary from fine sands at about 1 mm to coarse sands of about 3mm. Sandbox sand is more likely to be the river washed type, with few impurities. I know very little about any gradation in desert sands that may be wash fines to depths by infrequent rains. Various geology types can produce sands, and they vary in composition.
Here is a better explaination of grain size differences, my memory was apparently off on the specifics.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain_size
One distinction may be between "river sand", which has relatively rounded particles and resists tight packing, and mason sand and concrete sand which are more angular and can be packed tightly. But it's difficult to know without context.
Good day,
you can find the details of standard sand in ASTM : C 778 – 02 and summerized information in the website https://civilblog.org/2014/08/30/what-is-standard-sand-used-for-cment-test/. The definition and properties of river sand could be found in the following websites:
- https://www.cic.hk/cic_data/pdf/about_cic/news_and_update/past_event/eng/TF%2018-1-2013%20Presentation%20-%20Prof_%20Albert%20KWAN.pdfthe
- https://www.slideshare.net/mahimagroups/river-sand
- https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/river_sand
Good Quesiton. Answers will vary.
What is your standard for standard sand? Sand is not just one thing or one chemical composition.
- What is your standard?? for river sand. Is the river flowing into or ending in salt water (NaCl - salt will be present) or in a lake, a slow river or fast river, a glacial river or jungle river (more organics will be present).
- Sand has many sizes. Do you need "big sand" or "small sand" or mixed sand? What is your standard.
- If you want to use it for:
I have seen friable sands (turned into clay or silt fraction when handled). So we need context.
Chemically most sands have a silicon dioxide basis but have other components. Even so, sands if generated from animal shells will have a calcium carbonate basis.
If you can specify your need and sand concern, one can answer the question with more clarity.
As per Indian standard IS:4031 part-6 why we take standard sand in cement compressive strength? can we take the river sand inplace of standard sand ?
As per Indian Standard IS 65:1991, Standard Sand shall be free from Organic impurities and silt which sizes varies from 2 mm to 90 microns whereas river sand(as per IS has organic impurities and rounded particles which allows 4.75 mm to 150 micron size of particles.
River sand is the naturally available material along the river course and is mined mainly for construction purpose. Sand is a weathered product of rocks in the region and mostly made up of quartz grains. The process of weathering has been clearly explained by Dr. Hansen. It is not clear what do you mean by standard sand ?!! If it is the powdered rock, generally called as M (manufactured) - Sand, then the chemistry depends on the parent rock. Though river sand is best suited for construction purposes, in many places mining of river sand is banned or restricted by the local governments, as there will be hydrological and other environmental consequences due to over exploitation of river sand.
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