There is an increase in the number of cases of respiratory syndromes in children in outpatient clinics in a city located in the interior of Ceará, northeastern Brazil. The occurrence of cases at the climatic level is investigated and the aim is to find out if the same phenomenon is also seen in other cities with a semi-arid climate and what are the possible causes for the increase in these demands in the places of care. The beginning of the dry season in the region is highlighted and an attempt is made to find out the relationship between climate and respiratory syndromes.