Is there somebody who instead of powerful propellers uses hydrodynamic emitters to agitate quenchants?

Powerful propellers are used in quench tanks to prevent film boiling processes and intensify cooling rate during hardening of steel. However, during batch quenching water flow inside the load...

02 March 2019 1,110 1 View

Why do we need a "Smart Robot" to be used for recipes development and controlling performance?

We are discussing here intensive quenching processes: IQ-2 and IQ-3 technologies. The IQ-2 technology requires the duration of transient nucleate boiling process evaluation during batch quenching....

06 July 2015 5,739 6 View

How can we solve a problem on different hardenabilities of each specific steel?

We have developed a method for optimizing chemical composition of steel to provide maximal compressive residual stresses at the surface of steel parts after intensive quenching. Depending on size...

04 May 2015 1,860 2 View

Is it possible to get the bainitic nano- structure for plain carbon steel?

The bainitic nano - structure was obtained for alloy steel containing 0.98C; 1.46Si; 1.89 Mn; 1.26 Cr; 0.09 V (see www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans). I'm wandering whether is it possible of obtaining...

03 April 2015 9,676 2 View

What is an optimal hardened layer in real steel parts after quenching?

When bottle with water is frozen through, it cracks. The same is often happening when steel parts are quenched through. To prevent crack formation, such steel parts are quenched very slowly in...

03 April 2015 4,228 5 View

What is difference between the Leidenfrost point and critical heat flux densities?

Critical heat flux densities are used to calculate transition from nucleate boiling to full film boiling and back from film boiling to transient nucleate boiling. To do such calculations...

03 April 2015 9,274 2 View

What about writing a scientific but very interesting book to be understandable to any reader?

My colleagues and I have been discovered many interesting phenomena which can make a big difference when developing new technologies. However, to make a big progress, discovered phenomena must be...

02 March 2015 5,635 3 View

Why should we pay more attention to the self - regulated thermal process?

During the self - regulated thermal process, the surface temperature of quenched steel part maintains at the level of boiling point of a liquid and cannot be below it until boiling is finished....

02 March 2015 9,550 5 View

Does anyone have data showing the benefits of vegetable oils as a quenchant for mass production in the heat treating industry?

02 March 2015 1,202 3 View

Why does chemical composition of alloy steels need optimization?

01 February 2015 8,054 6 View

What is the production process of CaFe ferroalloys?

I looking for ferro calcium production process

03 March 2021 1,755 4 View

12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel, etched for revealing retained austenite, any help for clarifying?

Hello everyone. Given microstructure image belongs to a 12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel (annealed and tempered). The sample was etched with picral (100 mL ethanol and 4 g picric acid). I...

02 March 2021 4,119 3 View

Why Austenite grains in steel show much more twinning than ferrite grains?

It is oftentimes said to be a distinctive metallographic trait that differentiates a fully austenitic and a fully felly ferritic steel without etching that might distinguish between two. Why...

02 March 2021 728 2 View

What are the countries most affected by extreme rainfall as a result of climate change?

Increased heat, drought and insect outbreaks, all associated to climate change, have increased wildfires. Decreasing water supplies, declined agricultural yields, health impacts in cities owing to...

01 March 2021 7,168 9 View

How Can I bring as much common elements in steel as possible to calculate stable phase(s) in OpenCalphad?

As I was tweaking step-by-step OpenCalphad6 Macros step1.ocm involving phase and thermal property calculation of a High-speed steel, I could not incorporate more than 6 elements in the steel...

01 March 2021 8,840 1 View

I need to accelerate corrosion in steel parts that are used in a salt-water environment. Is there a technique for doing so?

I have a structure that employs d-ring swiveling tie-downs that corrode during use and become "frozen". I have sample swivel assemblies that I wish to corrode to see if I can free them using one...

01 March 2021 3,739 3 View

What is recommended for solid domain in ANSYS FLUENT?

Should I mesh the solid domain ? or should I use wall thickness? or Shell conduction? for Heat Transfer between two fluids of a Heat Exchanger. what is recommended?

01 March 2021 9,785 3 View

Heat exchanger with liquid Nitrogen as coolant?

I want to cool Natural Gas from 195 Kelvin to 138 Klevin in a heat exchanger by using liquid nitrogen as the coolant medium. When entering the heat exchanger, the liquid nitrogen will have a...

01 March 2021 6,450 5 View

How can i resolve the "final solutuin is not converged" error in Comsol for my heat transfer simulation??

I have been trying to simulate heat transfer problem in Comsol 5.5 for long time but it always throw an error stating: "Failed to find a solution. Maximum number of Newton iterations...

28 February 2021 8,626 3 View

PUC19 as a transfer plasmid for lentiviral delivery?

Hello, Is it possible to use pUC19 as a transfer vector to be packed in using the second generation viral particles packaging system( pMD2.G; psPAX2 plasmids)? As far as I understand it there is...

28 February 2021 4,868 2 View