I am making a PS/PANI blend. I have used DMF as the solvent, initially i try to dissolve PANI in it (ultrasonication), and then add PS and stir till i get a clear solution. However the problem is, polyanaline does not dissolve well in Dmf most it left at the bottom.
Can anyone suggest a better solvent for PANI? Note that the solvent should be able to dissolve polystyrene as well.
My aim is to get maximum number of amine groups(from PANI) into the blend, any suggestions on achieving this....?
I also suggest using as the best solvent for polyaniline is N-Methyl-pyrrolidone
You can try it with N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP). It look like NMP can dissolve both PANI and PS.
Yes, the best solvent for polyaniline is N-Methyl-pyrrolidone. Polystyrene can be dissolve in acetone and other non-polar solvents!
As said you can try NMP (to enhance the solubility you can add a small amount of isopropyl amine). You can also use dichloro acetic acid depending on your application
PS is soluble in Tetrahydrofuran (THF), DMF, carbon disulfide (CS2), Toluene, methylethylketone and chloroform. Polyaniline is soluble in NMP as well as in DMF but not 100% soluble. So you can try Camphoresulfonic acid (CSA) treated PANI in DMF or NMP. Treating with CSA can increase the solubility of PANI.
Tetramethylurea (TMU) is a good solvent also for dedoped PANI but I do not know if PS can be dissolved in TMU.
I would try 1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone (DMPU); it is a good solvent for emeraldine base. You can also use NMP containing 1% LiCl.
There are some additional factors to consider while dissolving emeraldine base in these solvents. First do make sure you dedope with aqueous 0.1M NH4OH for 12h at least 3 times, suction filtering each time. This completely removes residual dopant and improves solubility. Second, when adding emeraldine base to DMPU or NMP, add very small quantities first, just a few milligrams and then slowly increase the amount. This will prevent aggregation.
Good luck!
It seems that NMP is the best one to dissolve PANI (EB), but unfortunately we don't have that!
Hope to get it soon.
Aisha, just order NMP for getting the best result.
I also suggest using as the best solvent for polyaniline is N-Methyl-pyrrolidone
PANI salt of some acids is insoluble in organic solvents. PANI base (Emeraldine base) is soluble only to some extent in NMP. To make concentrated solutions secondary amines (4- methyl piperidine etc) have to added to NMP. There are many secondary amines reported in literature which will help in dissolving polyaniline in NMP. Polystyrene is also soluble in NMP. Ref. for making con. PANI NMP solutions Journal of Membrane Science
Volume 330, Issues 1–2, 20 March 2009, Pages 166–17
I tried THF like someone mentioned, PS 20% w/v in THF, stirred at 50C for 3 hours, got a clear solution, maybe slightly viscous but looked spinnable. However, when i tried to spin it the solution just formed a huge drop on the tip of the needle that refused to split into a jet even after increase in voltage, decrease in distance, decrease in flow rate. The only explanation i can think of is that the surface tension was really high...
I made the polymer a second time but got the same result. I"ve attached a pic of the drop....
NMP is the best solvent for PANI, and also PS can be dissolved on NMP
Yes, the best solvent for Pani is N-2-Methyl-pyrrolidone, but if you use ultrasound be care to not destroy the polymer backbone!
NMP is the best solvent for Pani, i tried many times, it gives good results
to my knowledge and practical experience NMP is a good one for PANI and also for their functional derivatives.
Hi Aisha,
I would like explain, dissolution is one point for fibre technology, you have to look into other issues such as viscosity. The final solution of mxiture should be viscous to make fibre. In my opinion THF will not work as good solvent to prepare viscous solution.
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