what is the best method to evaluate the plant growth promoting potential for my strain on arabidopsis thaliana ; inoculation of seed or soil? and in vitro or vivo?
To my mind , best method of application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria could be both through soil application as well as seed inoculation , unless tested , and evaluated both in-vitro as well as in-vivo, unless tested. Why am I saying this, because the rhizocompetent bacteria could behave differently when tested in-vivo compared to when tested in-vitro. In latter case, millions other microbes also interact plus the natural growing conditions also participate in expression of real potential of such microbes . Such things don't happen in-vitro where everything so controlled that microbe expresses maximally . comparison of seed inoculation versus soil inoculation , there are conflicting reports , it could be either way , depending upon chemical nature and biochemical properties of seed coat . Our experiences taking citrus seeds , soil inoculation proved better , but such results are never universal in application .
you can also directly inoculate soil with bacterial culture (with broth media).
This will provide some nutrient (carbon source) to bacteria for primary stabilization in soil and probably helpful for bacteria to adapt soil environment under in-vivo conditions. I have used this method by my self and the result were quite effective.
There are very linked steps while you are planning to asses the potential of PGPR strains.
Characterize well your strain before soil application or seed bioprming.
Asses all PGPR activity in vitro.
Check the stress tolerance of the strain in vitro.
follow the pot experimentation
Go for field inoculation
In treatment i will suggest to go for both soil application and seed bio-priming in separate experiment. After that on the basis of the responses you can strict to any one method in which you are getting the best result. I think seed bio-priming will give the more prominent result than the soil application.