Developing and under-developed nations understand the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for generating fast-paced growth while providing new and unimagined opportunities for previously disadvantaged populations. ICTs provide easy access to the wealth of human knowledge and to communication capabilities. The benefits of ICTs provide optimism for economically poorer citizens as there are numerous instances of ‘clever services’ enabled by inexpensive mobile phones, which are providing useful information, for example, about potentially harmful counterfeit drugs, which is of obvious benefit.

ICT can be defined as technologies that enable the handling of information and facilitate different forms of communication between human actors, human beings and electronic systems.

Overall, ICT is grouped together under two categories: the ‘traditional’ and the ‘new’. Traditional ICTs are non-electronic media such as print and analogue technologies, including books and newspapers, radio, television, fixed-line telephones and facsimile machines. New ICTs consist of computers and the data processing applications accessible through their use: email, the internet, word-processing, mobile phones, wireless technologies and other data processing applications.

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