The different layers typically found in a CNN are as follows:
Convolutional Layer: This layer applies convolutional filters to the input data, allowing the network to learn local patterns and features. Each filter detects specific visual patterns, such as edges or textures, and produces a feature map as output.
Activation Layer: Also known as the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) layer, it introduces non-linearity into the network by applying an activation function (ReLU) to the feature maps. ReLU sets all negative values to zero and keeps positive values unchanged.
Pooling Layer: The pooling layer reduces the spatial dimensions of the feature maps while retaining important information. Max pooling is a commonly used pooling technique that selects the maximum value within a local region of the feature map, thereby reducing the spatial resolution.
Fully Connected Layer: This layer connects every neuron from the previous layer to every neuron in the next layer. It learns high-level features by combining the lower-level features from the previous layers. Typically, the fully connected layers are followed by an activation function.
Output Layer: The final layer in the CNN is the output layer, which produces the desired output based on the task at hand. For example, in image classification, the output layer may have neurons corresponding to different classes, and the predicted class can be determined using techniques like softmax or sigmoid functions.
CNN or Convolutional Neural Network is a type of deep learning neural network that is particularly effective for image recognition and computer vision tasks. It is based on the concept of convolution, which is a mathematical operation used to extract features from an image.