Dear Ibraheem Faroun

As suggested by the expression, learning disability is one''s inability to learn some contents and deal with some issues.

As you say, when one's disability is the case, one can have difficulty with

understanding new or complex information, learning new skills, and coping adequately and independently with both theoretical or practical issues.

As I psyschologist, I think that one's disability may be due to (a) on'e biological inheritance; (b) one's socio-cultural environment, and (c) the intricate relationships between (a) and (b).

KInd regards,

Orlando

Learning disabilities are neurologically-based processing problems. These processing problems can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing and/or math. They can also interfere with higher level skills such as organization, time planning, abstract reasoning, long or short term memory and attention. It is important to realize that learning disabilities can affect an individual’s life beyond academics and can impact relationships with family, friends and in the workplace.

The following is an inventory of the most important academic learning difficulties, and each one of them, that we devote individual articles dealing with each difficulty separately:

A) dyslexia (reading difficulties)

A term known as "dyslexia" means that the student is unable to read, and is divided into two types:

Difficulties reading: Students with this difficulty show low ability to acquire reading and writing skills. Often, these difficulties prevent reading and writing and try to learn by heart, in order to hide reading difficulties. Difficulties in reading: lack of accuracy in reading and reading slowly, difficulties in reading comprehension and difficulty of spelling, reverse writing of words and letters, and sometimes even linguistic difficulties in the organization of sentences and the distinction between sounds.

Difficulties of understanding: We talk about this concept when the student can not understand the meanings of words, phrases and sentences.

(B) The difficulty of writing

This term indicates that the student is unable to write, or that he can not think while writing.

C - Attention and concentration disorders

Attention disorders and ADD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders) show difficulty in maintaining constant attention, distraction and great sensitivity to external stimuli. When disturbances in attention and concentration are accompanied by hyperactivity (ADHD), these symptoms are accompanied by hyperactivity, impulsiveness, emotional fluctuation and difficulty in delaying sufficiency.

(D) Difficulty of calculation

Affect the ability to acquire computational skills, and students with this difficulty are characterized by a lack of understanding of the relationship between numbers, difficulties in visual perception or auditory figures, and also suffer from difficulty in the calculation and other.

C. Difficulty of movement (dyspraxia)

This term refers to sensory integration barriers, which include problems of "balance - the compatibility of hand and look", that is, the student can not coordinate and control simple movements such as writing and cutting, or more complex movements such as running and jumping.

5. What are the signs of learning difficulties?

It is difficult to detect learning difficulties because of their complexity and overlap with other symptoms, but experts are usually explored by measuring what the child achieves compared to the expected by the level of intelligence and age, and in general there are some indicators that indicate the difficulty of learning, The following:

Four years ago:

Difficult to pronounce words.

Difficult to adhere to the tone during singing or singing.

Problems learning letters, numbers, colors, shapes, and days of the week.

Difficulty in understanding and following trends, and in following the routine as well.

Difficulty catching a pen, chalk or scissors.

Difficulty handling buttons and lace ...

From age four to nine:

Difficulty connecting letters and pronunciation.

Difficulty tying letter sounds together to pronounce a word.

Mix words when they read.

He makes mistakes in spelling, and always errs in reading.

Difficulty in learning basic concepts of arithmetic such as addition and subtraction.

Difficulty reading the time and remember the order of parts of the day and the hour.

Slow to learn new skills.

From age nine to fifteen:

Difficulty reading texts and performing calculations.

Difficulty answering questions that need to be written.

Avoid reading and writing.

Write one word in more than one way in one topic.

Weakness in order and organization.

He can not integrate into the discussion of separation and express his ideas.

Bad line.

The following chart summarizes the main difficulties of education and the characteristics of each difficulty on its own

Types of learning difficulties

6. Reasons for learning difficulties

Recent studies have shown multiple and overlapping causes of learning difficulties, summarized as follows:

Defects in brain growth

During the stages of fetal development, some of the defects and errors that may affect the composition and connection of neurons may occur, and scientists believe that these errors or defects in the growth of neurons lead to the emergence of learning difficulties in children.

Genetic defects

The prevalence of learning disabilities is often observed in certain households. This is thought to be inherited. For example, children who lack some of the skills required for reading, such as hearing distinct and detailed sounds, are likely to have a similar problem.

Problems during pregnancy and childbirth

In some cases, the mother's immune system may interact with the fetus as if it were a strange object that attacks it. This interaction leads to an imbalance in the growth of the nervous system of the latter.

In other cases, the umbilical cord may twist around itself during childbirth, leading to a sudden lack of oxygen reaching the fetus, leading to disability in brain function and difficulty in learning in adulthood.

Smoking, drinking alcohol, or some serious drugs during pregnancy can also cause the child to suffer from learning difficulties.

Pollution and environment problems

Research has shown that environmental pollution can lead to learning difficulties because of its detrimental effect on neuronal growth. Studies have shown that lead, a pollutant of the environment, which is the result of burning gasoline and also found in drinking water pipes, can lead to many learning difficulties .

Agree in my answer with the answers of the colleagues because they complement some .

It is not related to one IQ