What happens if a wave beam is introduced into a waveguide line with some mis-alignment (Offset and or Tilt)? Does the wave beam behave like an optical ray and continue to carry the misalignment as it propagates through the waveguide line and emerges with the misalignment at the end of the line? Or as the waveguide is a guided structure with a mode pattern the initial misalignments have no effect at the other end of the waveguide, though there may be some extra losses at the entrance due to misalignment? I m basically interested for beam propagation inside corrugated waveguide with some offset/tilt
Energy can only travel in the waveguide in the permitted waveguide modes. If there is only one mode permitted, the energy must travel in that mode, or not at all. If the incident energy does not match that mode in angle or distribution, then some will be reflected. There will be modes that can be added together to match the incident field, but they will be non-propagating (evanescent) and result in energy being stored near the generation point. They look like series and/or parallel inductance and/or capacitance. This reactance corresponds to the mismatch in impedance that results in the reflection. If many propagating modes are possible, then the energy is spread among the modes that can be combined to give the closest approximation to the incident wave. Look up mode conversion in waveguides to see how this can be calculated.
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