Besides it is a forward-looking and interesting question, the moment chosen by Prof. Maged Gumaan Bin-Saad for this valuable question is well chosen. Before answering this question, please look around you and count how many black offices for solving the exams and assignments are there.

From my point of view, e-learning alone will not succeed without traditional learning. Furthermore, I see that e-learning hasn't achieved the desired aims or results for developing countries and traditional learning is better. This is because there are many black offices for solving exam questions!! These offices made online learning a trading stock that resembles the slave-market.

At least, the hybrid learning of both of them is better than the traditional one.

In any way, exams must be inside the educational institutes (like universities) with the physical attendance of the students. Only by this we can diminish cheating.

I feel following features are essential for the online examnation system:

1. Biometric Authentication for the examinee

2. I should use inbuild camera of the system for minitoring

3. Movement should be analysed using AI to detect unfairmeans or any suspecious activity (detailed guideline should be available to define "Suspecious Activity"

4. There should be proper warning system to ensure that any detected suspecious activity is shared with the examinee

5. On repeated detection of suspecious activty, the examination session will automatically close

6. There has to be a strong data protection stsem to ensure confidential information or personal identification information of the exminee. Also all data shall be deleted after certain minimum time period.

It should be highly secured and higly protected to Cyber Security.

Hello!

in online exam questions should be concept based. Even if they referenced from book it won’t be a problem.

It should be conceptual and exam pattern should be like open book exams

Dear Kifayat Ullah , thanks for your valuable answer

Thanks Shaifali Rachna Puri for your valuable answer. I agree with you completely

I agree with you Shirshendu Roy , but howto increase level of secure and protected to Cyber Security

Sir, following measures can be taken as a part of Cyber Security:

1. Strong Authentication Process

2. Encryption of Data

3. Audit Logging Process

4. IP Monitoring Process

You can also look into this article for more details.

https://www.blog.epravesh.com/how-to-make-online-exam-more-secure/

Many important considerations have been mentioned. Assessment purpose should be a consideration. For example, simple formative quizzes may not require the same proctoring capabilities as a high-stakes summative assessment. Regardless of assessment stakes, careful attention should be paid to capturing and creating an audit log of item and test interactions. What items have been presented to whom and when? How long did the examinee interact with an item? What other interactions did the examinee have with the item (skip, change answer, use of tools, etc.) These records can and should be available for psychometric analysis of item and test quality, coverage, and item usage as well as possible cheating analysis. Advanced capabilities based on these records can include stopping a test or alerting a proctor if it appears items are being 'harvested' by an examinee rapidly clicking through items.

Nick Hoefer Thanks for your helpful contribution

A few thoughts to avoid students copying each others' answers:

• Design the exam from a randomised pool of questions.
• Give each student a unique exam where the variables are slightly different. It might even be possible to do that such that the variables are mostly consistent so as to fool students into thinking the exam questions are identical when actually there are slight differences hidden in the detail. This would imply setting up the exam with a teacher's database in order to facilitate marking.
• Require students to sit the exam at a specific day & time under the watchful eye of Zoom into which you can log to observe them in real time. Even if only on a random sample basis. At least students would be aware they are at risk of being observed.

*You should be confident that it is the students who are answering the tests and not other people. This factor calls into question the quality of student learning in many countries.