Primarily the temperature of the atmosphere and the
factors affecting it such as global warming which relates with the levels of greenhouse gases emissions.
According to European Environment Agency:
Variability of temperature, precipitation and wind over a period of 30 years.
The climate system is a complex, interactive system consisting of the atmosphere, land surface, snow and ice, oceans and other bodies of water, and living things. The atmospheric component of the climate system most obviously characterises climate; climate is often defined as ‘average weather’.
Factors that Influence Climate:
•Elevation or Altitude effect climate. Normally, climatic conditions become colder as altitude increases. ...
•Prevailing global wind patterns. ...
•Topography. ...
•Effects of Geography. ...
•Surface of the Earth. ...
•Climate change over time.
www.climateandweather.net/global-warming/factors-that-influence-climate.html
https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/climate/faq/what-factors-determine-earth2019s-climate
The climate system is a complex, interactive system consisting of the atmosphere, land surface, snow and ice, oceans and other bodies of water, and living things. The atmospheric component of the climate system most obviously characterises climate; climate is often defined as ‘average weather’. Climate is usually described in terms of the mean and variability of temperature, precipitation and wind over a period of time, ranging from months to millions of years (the classical period is 30 years). The climate system evolves in time under the influence of its own internal dynamics and due to changes in external factors that affect climate (called ‘forcings’). External forcings include natural phenomena such as volcanic eruptions and solar variations, as well as human-induced changes in atmospheric composition. Solar radiation powers the climate system. There are three fundamental ways to change the radiation balance of the Earth: 1) by changing the incoming solar radiation (e.g., by changes in Earth’s orbit or in the Sun itself); 2) by changing the fraction of solar radiation that is reflected (called ‘albedo’; e.g., by changes in cloud cover, atmospheric particles or vegetation); and 3) by altering the longwave radiation from Earth back towards space (e.g., by changing greenhouse gas concentrations). Climate, in turn, responds directly to such changes, as well as indirectly, through a variety of feedback mechanisms...
https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/faq-1-1.html
Energy balance is given by following picture.
Thank you Dr. Mohannad
Dr.Raid
Dr. Esra
Dr. Subhash
Dr. Mutasem
Dr. Monyer
Paul
Lijubomir
There are many factors that affect the climate, including: location for latitude and longitude lines, marine currents, vegetation, location for water bodies, terrain, air masses.
Hi dear,
Climate is the statistical distribution of the conditions of the Earth's atmosphere in a given region during a given period. It differs from meteorology, which refers to the study of short-term weather and specific areas. The climate study is climatology.
Climate determination is performed using averages derived from annual and monthly statistical measurements of local atmospheric data: temperature, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, sunshine, humidity, wind speed. Their recurrence and exceptional phenomena are also taken into account.
Climate systems are caused by all the interactions between the atmosphere, the ocean, the cryosphere, the lithosphere and the Earth's biosphere, which under the influence of solar radiation determines the climate of the planet. The energy received is absorbed differently by the various components. The oceans represent the main reservoir of captured heat and moisture. They exchange it mainly with the atmosphere. The position of the ocean currents and their surface temperature affect a large part of the climate. the continents and especially the relief introduce physical barriers to these exchanges which greatly modify the distribution of precipitation, heat and vegetation.
There are many methods of classifying climates, they depend on the observed data and their choice depends on the goals sought by observers. One of the best known is the Köppen classification.
With my best regards.
Dr. Adel OUESLATI
There are many factors that affect the climate, including the following: Location for the degrees of supply is the most important factor affecting the determination of the climate of a given area, and depends on the determination of the climate based on the proximity or distance of the region from the equator, the closer the equator is Its climate is warmer, and everything that was far away was colder and cooler. Marine currents The climate takes into account the temperature of the sea currents, where the temperature of the coasts increases as the currents of the sea are hot, and this leads to an increase in moisture. If the currents are cold, the temperature falls on the coast and the humidity decreases. Vegetation The vegetative cover helps to adjust the temperature, reduces its height in the summer, reduces its cooling in the winter, and increases moisture in the atmosphere. For water bodies, water bodies are of great importance in influencing the climate in their immediate vicinity. Sea water is very hot and very cold, quite unlike land heat, so temperatures in land areas near water bodies are lower in season Summer, and more in the winter, so the water bodies are working to modify the temperature, also shows their impact in the pressure and humidity and rainfall and others. Topography The elevation of the terrain directly affects the surface of the sea, showing that the higher the elevation of the terrain than the sea level, the lower the temperature. The lower the terrain and the closer the sea level the higher the temperature. Aerial blocks Aerial blocks take their characteristics and characteristics from the areas where they are formed. If they are formed in a marine area that is more humid, and if they were formed in a desert area, they are dry.
This link may help.
https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/climate/faq/what-factors-determine-earth2019s-climate
I think there are many factors that affect the climate including location for latitude and longitude lines, plants, water bodies, air masses and Ocean currents .
Dear: Dr. Aamal
There are different factors affect the climate like planting areas, land surface, location for latitude and longitude lines, Ocean currents and other bodies of water, snow and ice.
The two most important factors in the climate of an area are temperature and precipitation. The yearly average temperature of the area is obviously important, but the yearly range in temperature is also important. Some areas have a much larger range between highest and lowest temperature than other areas. Likewise, average precipitation is important, but the yearly variation in rainfall is also important. Some areas have about the same rainfall throughout the year. Other areas have very little rainfall for part of the year and a lot of rainfall for the other part of the year.
Dear Aamal Ghazi Mahdi Al-Saadi , if the three biggest economies agree to a carbon tax on imports, it will catalyse climate action globally, argue economists Simone Tagliapietra and Guntram Wolff. They outline how the United States, European Union and China can come together to incentivize all nations to cut their emissions. To support the tax, researchers need to develop an internationally recognized methodology for measuring the carbon content of complex goods...
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00736-2
Climate change is determined by many factors. However, in terms of climate change caused by the progressing global warming process, the most important factor is the greenhouse effect caused by civilization greenhouse gas emissions, which has been taking place since the beginning of the first industrial revolution.
Regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
A new map shows where carbon needs to stay in nature to avoid climate disaster
Scientists have mapped the location of key natural carbon stores. Keeping these areas intact is crucial to fighting climate change...
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/climate-change-natural-carbon-stores-new-map?utm_source=Editors_Picks&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=editorspicks112121