I agree with Onukaogu (2012) that literacy is now more ideological than autonomous. Reliance on the age-long indices of reading, writing, and arithmetic holds literacy in an autonomous view. Although 1983 is already a long time ago in modern history, much of what Graubard stated above is still true of literacy: It is still deeply rooted in communication; it has remained function-driven, and it is increasingly context-based. However, the ideological concept of literacy is a wider perspective and descriptions of literacy in this mould ought to include ideas of new literacies ... I rather think of literacy as not "a linear, fixed, contained, and closed process" (Egbe 2019, p. 23) but as a set of competencies including communication, cultural identity, socio-economic participation, political participation, technological competence, etc.

Onukaogu, C. E. (2012). Electoral literacy empowerment and the attainment of sustainable development: Quo vadis Nigeria? Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Inaugural Lecture Series 248. Ife: Obafemi Awolowo University Press.

Egbe, G. B. (2019). Of new Englishes and new literacies. Veritas University Abuja, Inaugural Lecture Series No.1, Abuja: Veritas University Press.

Dear Dr Joseph Onyema Ahaotu, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your reply and for the references that support your argument. Reading your answer refers to a more in-depth conceptualization of the notion of literacy, which subjects the thinker to deep reflection on the identification of the new functions or skills of literacy.

I wonder about civic and environmental skills, on behavioral function in relation to natural hazards and why not on that of the skills necessary today to achieve the SDGs.

I am really enjoided to read your reply.

It is helping people be literate taking the real life demands as core emphasis in a literacy project.

A person who is functional literate can engage in various activities in which literacy is required for action such as the ability to comprehend and use communication media accurate e.g. having better skills needed for reading and writing, having awareness of the sounds of language, having awareness of print and the relationship between letters and sounds. Further more One need to have good vocabulary, spelling and communication

it's a king of literacy that enables citizens of a country become more useful than the ordinary way. One example is communication. Another is the collaborative skills. Specifically, an entrepreneurial skill is an advantage to those who have difficulty of putting a business in a profitable way.

Functional literacy is a state where people are able to chose what is right, fair and just, in democracy it is a determinan factor for healthy and just election, as people would vote for the best candidate intellectually, morally and integrity.

Many thanks, Prof. Evens Emmanuel. Of course environmental literacy and even medical literacy are aspects of the broader ideological concept of literacy. We all are witnesses of the global need for medical literacy in the present COVID-19 pandemic. Civic participation is covered under political participation in my initial reply. The views of Solomon Mengistie , Foster Muyatwa Kabanga , and Manuel Caingcoy capture the dynamic essence and diversity of activities and processes that are involved in literacy. So, literacy is not just about the abilities to read, write, and calculate. And neither does it require a particular language for processing.

Thanks for your marvelous answers

You're welcome, Foster Muyatwa Kabanga. And that's with the kind permission of all of us sharing ideas on the subject.😀

Functional literacy is infinitely preferable to illiteracy, but full literacy is better still, as there are obvious sociological, psychological and personal benefits to a literacy that promotes deep reading, critical thinking, and social awareness. e.g.

West, Richard F.;, Keith E.; Stanovich, and Harold R. Mitchell

1993 Reading in the Real World and its Correlates. Reading Research Quarterly 28(1):35-50.

Wolf, Maryanne, and Mirit Barzillai

2009 The importance of deep reading. Educational Leadersip 66(6):32-37.

Katz, Albert N.

1978 Creativity and the Right Cerebral Hemisphere: Towards a Physiologically Based Theory of Creativity. The Journal of Creative Behavior 12(4):253-264.

The concept of functional literacy is related to various functions and life skills.

Dear Dr Solomon Melesse Mengistie, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Foster Muyatwa Kabanga, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Manuel E. Caingcoy, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Muhammad bin Abubakar, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Joseph Onyema Ahaotu, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Douglas Raybeck, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Serina Oktavia Marbun, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Functional literacy refers to the practical skill set needed to read, write, and do math for real-life purposes, so people can function effectively in their community.

Dear Dr Anmar Aldewachi , your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Functional illiteracy consists of reading and writing skills that are inadequate "to manage daily living and employment tasks that require reading skills beyond a basic level". Functional illiteracy is contrasted with illiteracy in the strict sense, meaning the inability to read or write simple sentences in any language.

People who can read and write only in a language other than the predominant language of where they live may also be considered functionally illiterate.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_illiteracy

Sociological research has demonstrated that countries with lower levels of functional illiteracy among their adult populations tend to be those with the highest levels of scientific literacy among the lower stratum of young people nearing the end of their formal academic studies. This correspondence suggests that the capacity of schools to ensure students attain the functional literacy required to comprehend the basic texts and documents associated with competent citizenship contributes to a society's level of civic literacy.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_illiteracy

Person who can engage in all those activities in which literacy is required for effective function of his or her group and community and also for enabling him or her to continue to use reading, writing and calculation for his or her own and the community's development. http://uis.unesco.org/en/glossary-term/functional-literacy

Functional literacy refers to the practical skill set needed to read, write, and do math for real-life purposes, so people can function effectively in their community. ... This research classifies literacy according to four levels: 1) Below Basic Literacy: reading and writing words and numbers in very simple documents. https://mindfultechnics.com/what-is-functional-literacy/

@ Evens Emmanuel To my opinion, it implies a situation wherein theoretically illiterate peoples act like literate ones in providing solutions to problems of society through their specially acquired skills and techniques. Though such peoples are theoretically illiterate, they can be considered highly educated.

Regards!

Functional literacy, however, is about much more than getting a job.  It’s also about preserving skills our whole society needs to function.  If we don’t have individuals with mathematical knowledge, reading and writing skills, or analytical abilities, we won’t have functioning businesses, governments, or communities.  In other words, we need functional literacy to have a functional society

Is functional literacy means pratical knowledge or skills to perform a specific task or to solve a specific problem?

Literacy is more than just the capacity to read and write, it is related to the ability of the person to engage in all those activities in and also to maintain effective function of his /her group and community and also for enabling him or her to continue to use his mental skills in the right way

Functional literacy, i.e., the capacity to read a newspaper, sign a check and write a short postcard at least, was an essential and indispensable precondition of the functioning of nineteenth and twentieth century society. These skills were, however, lacking in the majority of the population in early modern Europe.

Literacy is much more than just the capacity to read and write. It is the constant practical use of writing and of the written record. Literacy represents a different way of seeing the world and storing information from that used by illiterate people. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/functional-literacy

Functional literacy refers to the practical skill set needed to read, write, and do math for real-life purposes, so people can function effectively in their community. https://mindfultechnics.com/what-is-functional-literacy/

Dear Dr Chinaza Godswill Awuchi, your contributions to this discussion are greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation.

Dear Dr Arbind K. Choudhary, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation.

Dear Dr Ndalahwa MUSA Masanja, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation.

Dear Dr Sarvjeet Singh, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation.

Dear Dr Raya Al-Naimi, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation.

Functional illiteracy is the incapability to understand complex texts despite adequate schooling, age, language skills, elementary reading skills, and IQ. These inabilities must also not be fully explained by sensory, domain-general cognitive, neurological or mental disorders. In sum, functional illiteracy must be more thoroughly understood and assessed from a theoretical, empirical, and diagnostic perspective.

Please see the following RG link:

Article A Review about Functional Illiteracy: Definition, Cognitive,...

Dear Dr Manal Hadi Kanaan, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your reply

Many thanks for your comment and for sharing the link, Dr Manal Hadi Kanaan,

Dear Dr Joseph Onyema Ahaotu , thank you for your participation to this discussion.

You're welcome, Prof. Evens Emmanuel

Many thanks dear Dr Joseph Onyema Ahaotu .

I agree with Manal Hadi Kanaan

It is indicative of an unusual phenomenon related to a literate person!!

Dear Dr Omkar Singh Kushwaha, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Many thanks dear Dr Joan Nyika .

Dear Prof Evens Emmanuel

I am happy to be a participatory RG member to all of your questions and answers. I do follow all of your questions and answers and request all members to Recommend you!!

Regards,

OSK

Thank you Dear Emmanuel.

In view of the multiple interventions on functional literacy. Can we share your views on non-functional literacy?

Can we say that all literacy is functional?

Thanks.

Evens Emmanuel

Person who can engage in all those activities in which literacy is required for effective function of his or her group and community and also for enabling him or her to continue to use reading, writing and calculation for his or her own and the community's development.

In a democratic society, participatory decision-making processes are in practice, where citizens should be aware of the arguments or issues. Illiterate peoples may easily be exploited by the interest groups. So, probably functional literacy is the life of democracy.

Many thanks dear Dr Omkar Singh Kushwaha for your kind collaboration and support.

Dear Dr Daphnee Michel, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Hassan Izzeddin Sarsak

Dear Dr Nirmala S.V.S.G, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Dear Dr Harasit Kumar Paul, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation to this proposal.

Interesting concept. It reminds us that literacy is not an end in itself.

Dear Dr Remi Chukwudi Okeke, I am greatly appreciated your contribution. Thank you for your kind support.

t aims at communicating to the learner a knowledge which suggests a behavior to him so that he can act in favor of the environment in which he lives and on himself. This concept was launched and defined in 1965 in Tehran, during the Congr ess of Ministers of Education of Third World countries. This type of literacy seeks to increase the output of the illiterate through the learning of reading, writing and arithmetic. It must be the result of a development project; and starts with a study of the environment to identify the needs of the populations and all aspects of the problems. The program, strategies and means of action of this form of literacy are defined in concert with the population on the basis of the problems encountered in socio-professional life. It presupposes going beyond the rudimentary learning of reading and writing. The illiterate who follows this education can integrate socially and economically into a new world where technical and scientific progress requires more and more knowledge and specialization. It is a contribution to the liberation of man and his full development, while creating the essential conditions for a critical awareness of the contradictions and the objectives of the society in which he lives.

Functional literacy differs from traditional literacy insofar as it allows the illiterate learner to be considered as an individual in a group situation, according to a given environment from a development perspective.

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Dear Yolette Jerome, your contribution to this discussion is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation.

It's very interesting issue.

L’ALPHABETISATION FONCTIONNELLE

 Elle peut être comprise comme cette forme d’éducation, de formation et d’insertion sociale des jeunes des femmes, des adultes de toutes les classes sociales ayant été scolarisées ou non scolarisées  qui se pratique en dehors des écoles  classiques.

 Elle tient en compte des problèmes réels   des apprenants et vise leur épanouissement ainsi que l’amélioration de leur condition de vie.

http://apadess.org

Chère Yolette Jerome, je vous remercie sincèrement de votre contribution à cette discussion.

La alfabetización funcional va dirigida a desarrollar en los investigadores conocimientos y habilidades para leer y escribir textos científicos. Además debe adquirir habilidades para la revisión y criítica científica de los resultados de investigación q dirige como mentor de tesis, tribunal o revisor.

http://uis.unesco.org/en/glossary-term/functional-literacy#:~:text=Refers%20to%20the%20capacity%20of,own%20and%20the%20community's%20development.

To traditional functional literacy nowadays has to be added at least the average level of technological functional literacy.