A significant number of works have been devoted to the study of the variability of the genotypic correlation coefficients (rg) between the quantitative traits (CP) of plants, the results of which indicate their exceptional variability depending on the trait, variety, type of culture and growing conditions. Considering the variability of rg CP in spring soft wheat varieties depending on the density of the stand and meteorological conditions. For this, three triad modules were selected, each of which included two component and one complex resulting feature. The correlation coefficient decreased in the following order: plant weight for rg between М1 and МТЗ - weight of ears per plant / weight of straw (triad module 1); weight of ears - weight of seeds / weight of chaff (triad module 2) and weight of seeds per plant - CHZ / MTZ (triad module 3).

The greatest dependence on abiotic factors was noted between the resulting trait - the mass of plant seeds and the component trait - the number of plant seeds in different cenotic situations. As the values ​​of the ecological intravarietal correlation coefficients decrease in a number of modules, the degree of influence of abiotic and coenotic factors on the manifestation of these correlations increases. The softening of the pressure of limiting factors strengthens the considered correlations. A change in the cenotic conditions for the formation of a population modifies the influence of the limits of the external environment, increasing the tightness of communication with an increase in the population density of the cenosis.

In winter wheat varieties bred by NIISH TsChP, the mass of 1000 grains has the greatest positive effect on yield, slightly less - the number of ears / m² and the number of grains per ear, and negative - the height of plants due not only to lodging, but also to a decrease in the weight of 1000 grains.

The ear mass (M3) can serve as a universal marker for wheat during selection, which closely correlates with the WH (r = 0.67… 0.96) and M1 (r = 0.77… 0.98) of the main spike. It is shown that the use of this trait in selection reduces the labor intensity of the breeding process and increases its efficiency.

It has been established that the larger the size of the ear, the higher the rate of flower formation, the number of flowers, fertile flowers and set seeds in different varieties of wheat. Genotypic differences were also noted in the formation of spikelets, the number of fertile flowers and set seeds. Stronger intervarietal differences were recorded in the development of the upper flowers in the spikelet than in the flowers in its lower part. A larger ear attracted more assimilates and transferred them to the spikelets.

In your case, this is a regressive selection line (if it is a variety) in wild-growing cereals - this is an adaptation to unfavorable growing conditions