I have modeled a steel-concrete composite box girder in ABAQUS using following element type:

Steel box girder- S4R, Shear Connector(Stud)- C3D8R, Concrete Slab- C3D8R, reinforcement- T3D2

I have considered elastic and plastic behavior of both steel and concrete(CDP). While comparing load-deflection curve from both experiment and FEA, it has given me pretty much accurate value for ultimate load. However, the elastic response of the structure is much more stiffer from experiment data. I have already updated the FE model based on constructed specimen such as thickness of steel plate, steel & concrete strength. What could be the problem?

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