What bacteria can grow at higher temperatures & type of bacteria grows best at moderate temperatures 20° and 45°C which are not too hot & not too cold?
A thermophile is an organism a type of extremophile that thrives at relatively high temperatures, between 41 and 122°C. Many thermophiles are archaea, though they can be bacteria or fungi. Thermophilic eubacteria are suggested to have been among the earliest bacteria. Mesophiles grow best at moderate temperatures, i.e. 20 and 45°C, which are not too hot and not too cold. The term mesophile generally applies to microorganisms. Bacteria, in particular, may be classified into thermophilic, mesophilic, and psychrophilic. On the other hand, lowering temperature will decrease enzyme activity. In general, the higher the temperature, the more easily microorganisms can grow up to a certain point. Very high and low temperatures both obstruct the enzyme processes microorganisms depend on to survive. C. perfringens can exist as a heat-resistant spore, so it may survive cooking and grow to large numbers if the cooked food is held between 40 degrees F and 140 degrees F for an extensive time period. Meat and poultry dishes, sauces and gravies are the foods most frequently involved. It must be below 41° F to slow bacterial growth and keep food safe. Keep hot food hot! It must be held above 135° F to slow bacterial growth and keep food safe.
Mesophiles grow best at moderate temperatures, i.e. 20 and 45 °C, which are not too hot and not too cold. The term mesophile generally applies to microorganisms. Bacteria, in particular, may be classified into thermophilic, mesophilic, and psychrophilic. Mesophiles are microorganisms which grow at moderate temperatures between 20 °C and 45 °C and with an optimum growth temperature in the range of 30–39 °C. They are isolated in both soil and water environments; species are found in the Bacteria, Eukarya, and Archaea kingdom. These bacteria can grow at temperatures between 5°C and 60°C, which is known as the temperature danger zone. The fastest rate of growth is at around 37°C, the temperature of the human body. Psychrophiles are extremophilic bacteria or archaeawhich are cold-loving having an optimal temperature for growth at about 15°C or lower, a maximal temperature for growth at about 20°C and a minimal temperature for growth at 0°C or lower. Thermophilesare heat-loving, with an optimum growth temperature of 50o or more, a maximum of up to 70oC or more, and a minimum of about 20oC. Thermophiles can survive at high temperatures, whereas other bacteria or archaea would be damaged and sometimes killed if exposed to the same temperatures. The enzymes in thermophiles function at high temperatures. Archaeais the main group to thrive in extreme environments. Some bacteria thrive in extreme heat or cold, while others can survive under highly acidic or extremely salty conditions. Most bacteria that cause disease grow fastest in the temperature range between 41 and 135 degrees F, which as the danger zone.
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