Hello Cletus John Akisin ,

What type of batteries are you referring to?

Nanomaterials can have both active and passive roles. They may be used to reduce mechanical stresses (e.g., caused by Li+ intercalation), to provide higher electrode--electrolyte contact area, reduce diffusion lengths for ions, etc.

It is essential to properly characterise different nanomaterials as physical nuances may offer a dramatic performance enhancement for the application. Furthermore, it can be important to characterise at a range of operational conditions, as well as understand how their characteristics may change depending on form/treatment (for instance, as you scale up production or electrode dimensions, does the material demonstrate a different 'bulk' behaviour).

You may wish to consult the following two recent relevant publications for orientation:

J. Lee et al. Article Reversible Mn2+/Mn4+ double redox in lithium-excess cathode materials

W. Chen et al. Article A manganese–hydrogen battery with potential for grid-scale e...

Dear Cletus,

If you are considering new materials for the batteries, you may have to come up with many. Among all, XRD, XPS, ICP, Raman, SEM, TEM, BET, TGA are basic characterization you need to focus on.

If you are considering new battery, you need to focus on lot of things like potential window, mobility of ions, electrolyte stability, electrode stability and many more. For reference, recently room temperature fluoride batteries are reported in the SCIENCE journal. I am attaching the link of the same.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/362/6419/1144

Hope it helps!

I agree with all the above comments. One more significant reason is you have to trace any changes in your battery constitutes after long period of charging/discharging cycles not only to confirm the long-term stability of your material or to trace any structural changes but also to trace if any hazardous components come out

Dear Cletus

I think you need to more information about the characterize materials, via using simple material available in natural and joining that between the science and engineering technician to become your work is perfect

I agree with Hagar K. Hassan, these days postmortem analysis of electrode materials and separator films are more importantly discussed, whether it could be done with alternative EIS measurements, ex-situ XRD or FESEM of a material.

EIS will tell you about the diffusion of ion by the slope of spike in Nyquist plot.