Energy travels through the sun primarily through the process of nuclear fusion, and it reaches Earth in the form of electromagnetic radiation.

Here's a simplified overview of these processes:

In summary, energy travels from the sun to Earth primarily in the form of electromagnetic radiation, and this energy plays a crucial role in sustaining life on our planet and driving various natural processes.

Dr Gaurav H Tandon thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Throughout most of the Sun's volume, energy moves primarily by radiation. That is, the energy radiates through the gas in the form of electromagnetic radiation, just as light travels through our atmosphere. The heat, light, and radiation that come from the sun are all examples of electromagnetic radiation. Unlike forms of energy that need to move through matter (like sound), electromagnetic radiation can travel through the vacuum of space, without other atoms, molecules, or other particles to carry it. Most of the Sun's energy reaching Earth includes visible light and infrared radiation but some is in the form of plasma and solar wind particles. Other forms of radiation from the Sun can reach Earth as part of the solar wind, but in smaller quantities and with longer travel times. All of the energy from the Sun that reaches the Earth arrives as solar radiation, part of a large collection of energy called the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. Solar radiation includes visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared, radio waves, X-rays, and gamma rays. This is a tremendous amount of energy—44 quadrillion (4.4 x 1016) watts of power to be exact. As a comparison, a large electric power plant produces about 1 billion (1 x 109) watts of power. It would take 44 million such power plants to equal the energy coming from the Sun. About 30 percent of the solar energy that reaches Earth is reflected back into space. The rest is absorbed into Earth's atmosphere. The radiation warms Earth's surface, and the surface radiates some of the energy back out in the form of infrared waves.Energy is transferred from the sun to Earth via electromagnetic waves, or radiation. Most of the energy that passes through the upper atmosphere and reaches Earth's surface is in two forms, visible and infrared light. The majority of this light is in the visible spectrum. The Earth absorbs most of the energy reaching its surface, a small fraction is reflected. In total approximately 70% of incoming radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere and the Earth's surface while around 30% is reflected back to space and does not heat the surface. The Sun generates energy deep in its core through nuclear fusion that burns Hydrogen into heavier atoms. As the atoms merge, energy is released, and begins the long journey toward the Sun's surface. Along the journey, energy is transferred via two of the the methods of heat transfer: convection and radiative transfer. The Sun's energy reaches Earth through the process of radiation. Radiation is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Ninety-nine percent of the radiant energy from the Sun consists of visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared radiation. The absorbed sunlight drives photosynthesis, fuels evaporation, melts snow and ice, and warms the Earth system. Solar power drives Earth's climate. Energy from the Sun heats the surface, warms the atmosphere, and powers the ocean currents. When energy from the Sun reaches the Earth, it warms the atmosphere, land, and ocean and evaporates water. The movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean—the water cycle—is fueled by energy from the Sun. Changes in the energy cycle will ripple into the water cycle.