There are several unexplored areas in mathematical modeling that have the potential to be practical and applicable to everyday life or society. Here are a few examples:

Complex Systems Modeling: Complex systems, such as social networks, ecosystems, or economic markets, exhibit intricate behavior arising from the interactions of numerous components. Developing mathematical models to understand and predict the behavior of complex systems remains a challenging and unexplored area. These models could provide insights into various real-world phenomena, such as the spread of diseases, dynamics of financial markets, or the impact of policies on social networks.

Human Behavior and Decision-Making: Mathematical modeling of human behavior and decision-making processes is an area that holds great promise for practical applications. Understanding how individuals make choices, form opinions, or interact with each other can have implications for various fields, including economics, psychology, and public policy. Developing mathematical models that capture the complexity of human behavior in different contexts remains an active area of research.

Personalized Medicine: With advances in medical technology, there is a growing interest in personalized medicine, which aims to tailor medical treatments to individual patients. Mathematical modeling can play a crucial role in optimizing treatment strategies, predicting patient outcomes, and understanding the interactions between different variables, such as genetics, lifestyle factors, and drug response. Exploring new mathematical approaches to personalize medical interventions is an important and evolving field.

Sustainability and Environmental Modeling: As the world grapples with environmental challenges, mathematical modeling can contribute to understanding and mitigating the impact of human activities on ecosystems and natural resources. Developing models to predict climate change, optimize renewable energy systems, design sustainable transportation networks, or manage natural resources effectively are areas where further exploration is needed.

Social and Economic Inequality: Mathematical models can provide insights into the causes and consequences of social and economic inequality. Exploring new approaches to modeling income distribution, wealth accumulation, social mobility, or the impact of policy interventions can contribute to addressing societal challenges related to inequality and inform the development of more equitable policies.

Ethical and Fair AI: As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly integrated into various aspects of society, there is a need to develop mathematical models that address ethical concerns and ensure fairness. Developing models that are transparent, interpretable, and free from bias is an ongoing challenge that can have significant societal implications.

These are just a few examples of unexplored areas in mathematical modeling with practical applications to everyday life or society. As technology advances and new challenges emerge, the field of mathematical modeling continues to evolve, offering opportunities for further exploration and innovation

Yazen Alawaideh thank you so much for your reply I am about to begin research in mathematical modelling and I wanted a least explored area to delve into

You're welcome! I'm glad to hear that you're starting research in mathematical modeling. It's an exciting field with plenty of opportunities for exploration. If you're looking for a least explored area to delve into, I would suggest considering interdisciplinary applications of mathematical modeling.

Mathematical modeling can be applied to various fields such as biology, economics, engineering, and social sciences. Exploring how mathematical models can contribute to solving real-world problems in these interdisciplinary domains can be both challenging and rewarding.

For example, you could investigate the application of mathematical models in understanding the spread of infectious diseases, optimizing resource allocation in renewable energy systems, predicting stock market behavior, or analyzing social network dynamics. These are just a few examples, and there are countless other areas where mathematical modeling can make a significant impact.

Remember to choose a topic that aligns with your interests and skills, and don't hesitate to seek guidance from your research advisor or experts in the field. Conducting a literature review will also help you identify gaps in the existing research and find a least explored area to contribute to.

I wish you the best of luck in your research journey! If you have any further questions or need additional assistance, feel free to ask.