Please elaborate how we can go about in this section since its the heart of any research paper. What are the expectations? What are the musts we should follow.
Collect as many references as possible and correlate them with your findings
It depends on the topic or area you work in but in general, you should study a good amount of literature on the topic then compare the results of previous studies with your results and of course you need good reasoning to highlight the novelty of your work. Here are some articles that discuss this topic that you can turn to:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0346251X02000507
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0490-1
http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/49/10/1238.short
learning reflections from own findings and connecting with exciting literature, and/or developing new ideas for future research
The guidance as per the following publications may further help:
- Annesley, T. M. (2010) The discussion section: your closing argument, Clinical Chemistry, 56, 11, pp. 1671-1674.
- Bagga, A. (2016) Discussion: the heart of the paper, Indian pediatrics, 53, 10, pp. 901-904.
- Bavdekar, S. B. (2015) Writing the discussion section: Describing the significance of the study findings, Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 63, 11, pp. 40-42.
- Nair, P. K. R. and Nair, V. D. (2014) Organization of a Research Paper: The IMRAD Format, in Nair, P.K.R. and Nair, V.D. (eds.) Scientific Writing and Communication in Agriculture and Natural Resources. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, pp. 13-25.
- Perneger, T. V. and Hudelson, P. M. (2004) Editorial: Writing a research article - advice to beginners, International journal for quality in health care, 16, 3, pp. 191-192.
- Şanli, Ö., Erdem, S. and Tefik, T. (2013) How to write a discussion section?, Turkish Journal of Urolog, 39, Supplement 1, pp. 20-24.
- Van Damme, H. (2006) Editorial: Tips to improve the Discussion section in a scientific paper, Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 106, 5, pp. 479.
finding recent papers with sometimes contradictory results are a good input for discussion
The easiest answer will be, read alot of quality journals related to your topic.
Some key points will be
1. Explain your findings that is supported by literature
2. Explain counter points/claims (not just literature that support you're finding) and explain why and how you're answer differs.
3. Do not over saturate your discussion section with too many references.
4. If possible, add you're own explanation to increase originality in your study.
Best regards
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