In rural India, some of the distribution transformer gets overloaded due to extensive use for agricultural purposes, especially for water pumping. This happens because the free electricity for the agricultural purpose is available only for a short duration on a particular day. Due to the stress, the transformer life reduces and premature failure occurs. One way to over come this is to have a overload relay to transformer protection than using a fuse which people will wire without following the specification.
What are the other possible solution for this problem ?
Install maximum demand controller that carryout load shedding when a preset maximum demand is exceeded
Refer my paper," Micro processor( or single chip microcontroller) based load sheading controller". It would give you scheduled hourly, priority based daily full load, control of week, without overloading, and would be monitored .....
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Lload shedding is one of the main approach adopted to avoid overloading of transformaers. It is posible to control the loading pattern educating your valuable consumers to flatten the load curve. Incentives may be offered to shift the use of power at off pak periods. Power supply can be regulated to agricultural conumers.
Strict administrative control on theft also result in reduction of demand. Use of copper strips on bus bars and load balancing among its phases will also help to avoid damage of transformer. Use fuses of proper rating.
1-test the all individual motor pump power factor level. correct then on near of motor, with capacitor. important : install capacitor most near possible on the motor pump. Use only three fase motors. dont use one fase motors.
2- test and correct de power factor on low side voltage of the main power transformer.
3- use YD starting circuit or better is transformer starting circuit with tree level of voltage
4- the total motor pump power is low than transformer power
Overload/ overcurrent relays need to used with proper setting to tackle such a situations. Also, as the load demand is more some addition transformer can be installed in parallel to handle such a situation.
Use of copper strips on bus bar, bus bars should be without joints and should be in L shape
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