Nanotechnology is advanced technology which makes a new interface in drug designing. Still it is in its developing phase. But through this question, I want to know about the current status of nanotechnology in the pharmaceutical sciences?
In my personal opinion, the status of nanotechnology in the field of pharmaceutical applications have a multidisciplinary impact. From the creation of new materials with a specific function till the fabrication of new drug delivery systems for the passage of diferent barriers in the human body with special care of increase the efficiency of drugs with poor solubility are still in development. The major goal of the nanotechnology (talking about of the pharmaceutical application) is improve the current way to drugs administration and also make efficient the process of recovery of the patient. Now a days, the nanotechnology is not only for diseases, it is also for the products in beauty care and the normal use and have different applications available in the market, but in general is a field that is in the beginning of introduce the systems created. Exists different examples of the new systems, such the nanoparticles, vesicles, liposomes, gels, and a long list with much variety of systems and materials with different moieties that have a success for encapsulate hydrophobic drugs, each of them with the same objective of improve current way of drug delivery. Unfortunately, a lot of those systems are in the experimental step or in the first step of the correlation with animals. We know that the subject of health and the treatment on humans been are in the fine line of ethics and the scientific advance. We are prepared to do everything for find a cure? at the expense of what? are the questions in trouble.
I don't know if this is the type of answer that you are looking for, but I hope that can help in something.
There are a lot. Most promising in case of drug delivery: targeted delivery and sustained/prolonged delivery. They can be used for targeting all parts of body. Nanomedicines of the dreadful diseases like AIDS, cancer, tuberculosis, diabetes, malaria, prion disease, etc are in different trial phase for the testing and some of them are commercialized. They have a major problem that human body recognizes hydrophobic particles as foreign particles and they are rapidly taken up by the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) which can be overcomed by surface modification. I have an accepted review which will be published soon "Poloxamers for surface modification of hydrophobic drug carriers and their effects on drug delivery", it might be interesting to you.
Well frankly speaking a lot to be done for the technique, first and foremost is bring down the cost , make it available to the commons at a cheaper price..... There is the success of the nanotechnology, so the researcher rather sticking to costly sources if bring down the manufacturing cost then can be applied for larger scale, the success of the technology is not there in producing it in lab scale but in large scale manufacture for millions.
As well mentioned, there is a cost aspect but their are special fields like cancer treatment. Here there progressing developments with magnetic carriers and magnetic particles for hypertermia.
Not to forget about nanocarriers for delivery which, already have progressed already in the field of high end cosmetic applications.