In my experience most of the chargeable nano-particles are conductive. i have to add mM scale of nanoparticles in salted solution and to 1)lower the conductance of solution and to have the ability to charge these nanoparticle in electric field at low frequency up to 100 Hz. I envision that nanoparticles with metallic core and oxide surface could be synthesized and these NP should work, but probably there is something available on the market already.
Nanoparticles in stable aqueous dispersions are almost always charged, otherwise they would flocculate and settle down. I am not quite sure what you can change by applying electric fields. I would expect electrophoresis, but would they acquire any extra charge? Maybe you can recommend some literature on what you call charging nanoparticles in saltwater? What exactly you want to achieve?
Roman, thanks a lot for response. The purpose of nano-particles here is to use these for petroleum reservoir monitoring in production stage. The experiment is partly described in EAGE 2013 London extended abstract (I will glad to send you pdf, I think I drop it on my homepage at research gate too). Thank you for attracting my attention to the fact that any dispersion of NP bear charge. This is 100% true! Thanks!
This is true for polar liquids, I am not sure if it would apply to petroleum. I inferred from your question that you are considering water.
Roman, the liquid is still saltwater, it is used to push the petroleum from reservoir, so I need to trace the front interface of saltwater. it somehow similar to targeting of drug delivery system in human body
I don't know if still relevant but take a look at chemicell.com, they produce some nice sub-micron beads. BTW, how about trying to achieve amphiphilic partials that will sit in the water-petroleum interface?
Yoram
Yoram thanks! This project has been really completed and our client- largest Middle east oil producer is pretty happy, although there is always place for improvement, so thanks a lot! and I will definitely check out this website. Tracing the water-oil interface itself is challenging in my opinion, as it is never in a laminar flow, it was actually the first though that came to my head. Well.... So thanks again.
If you know by chance prof. Rabinovich from Math department of UofH, please send him dash.
Yoram, almost forgot to tell you I checked chemicell.com, and they really have a nice products, specially these with silicon and magnetit core, I was not aware that they exist, I was used to get these molecular tags from other companies and they should be very useful for my other projects in molecular nanoelectronics and spintronics.
cheers Vlad-
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