Ahmed Kadhim Hussein
HNFs (hybrid nanofluids) are used in different engineering and industry sectors because HNFs have enhanced thermal, electrical and optical properties. A few of them are listed:
The applications of single nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid are the same. Hybrid nanofluid is an upgraded form of nanofluid in which two nanoparticles/nanofluids are mixed at appropriate volume concentrations. It is evident in the literature that hybrid nanofluid is a better option than conventional nanofluid. The main applications of nanofluids are many such as thermal cooling/heating of Heat Exchanger, HVAC system, Heat Sink, Cutting Fluid, Radiator, Boiler, etc.
Recently, scholars have been exploring another nanoparticle solution known as tri-hybrid nanofluid, where three nanoparticles/nanofluids are mixed in a base fluid using one-step or two-step methods.
Although an increasing number of particles in a nanofluid solution can increase pumping power and energy consumption, the thermal performance of the nanofluid solution is sufficient to compensate for these power losses.
Hybrid nanofluids have practical applications in enhancing heat transfer in various industries, like electronics cooling, solar panels, and automotive engines.
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