In the case of the competition between barnacles Balanus and Chthamalus, Balanus outcompetes Chthamalus. It is known that most of the sessile organisms, especially the ones in marine ecosystems, compete through interference. But how does this actually work?
"Direct observation confirmed that Balanus smothered, undercut or crushed Chthamalus, and the greatest Chthamalus mortality occurred during the seasons of most rapid Balanus growth. Moreover, the few Chthamalus individuals that survived 1 year of Balanus crowding were much smaller than uncrowded ones, showing, since smaller barnacles produce fewer offspring, that interspecific competition was also reducing fecundity."
Adding on to this, UCSC also mentions how overall Chthamalus has a shorter lifespan than Balanus, though Balanus is also subject to higher mortality rates due to its position on the rocky intertidal and its larger size. This may also be a factor in the ability of Balanus to out-compete Chthamalus. Here's a link to their site for future reference: http://www.eeb.ucsc.edu/pacificrockyintertidal/target/target-species-chthamalus-balanus.html
In terms of other sessile organisms, I find that the work of Chadwick and Morrow would help you get a better understanding of other competition mechanisms sessile organisms employ for their survival. For example, there was mention of soft corals using allelopathic chemicals in order to deter stony coral proliferation (Chadwick and Morrow 2011).
Please refer to the attached link for further information:
http://wp.auburn.edu/chadlab/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Chadwick-and-Morrow-Competition-review-2011.pdf
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