I am doing a survey on existing biometric identifiers. I would appreciate feedback from you on existing identifiers, and their known issues.
The few I know are: Retina, fingerprint, voice, face
Is ECG a stable identifier ? or, too early in research stages ?
Palm print and DNA print are two other physical Biometrics.
Behavioral biometric identifier like signature, hand writing analysis etc are few
I had done some earlier work in ECG biometrics (person identification using ECG). There has been a lot of activity in ECG biometric research now (I saw a conference with a session dedicated to this area). There are also some commercial endeavors (most notably http://www.bionym.com/ which has generated a lot of press).
I'm not sure if there has been a lot of "significant" progress since the earlier works. Most of these methods work on fudicial points or waveform shape in general (I find the latter more effective). The basic findings are that it can have a decent recognition accuracy but far lower than conventional methods as fingerprint and voice. It might find utility in person identification (discerning people among a group of enrolled users) or low security person verification (validating the person is the person they say they are and not someone else in the world). As I had indicated in my paper, while it might find limited use as a uni-modal method, it could find success in a multi-modal system, as it pairs conveniently with other methods (little change to the user experience) with little additional cost, but vastly increased robustness against circumvention.
Dear Dr. Tolga Soyata, Some of the bio-metric identifiers known to me are as:
Face Recognition, Hand Geometry bio-metric, Finger-print Recognition, Retina Scan, Iris Scan, Signature, Voice recognition.
Physiological Biometric identifiers-
Fingerprint, Face, Iris, Retina,Hand Geometry,DNA,Thermograms,Skin reflection,Ear Recognition,ECG signal analysis
Behavioural Biometric Identifiers-
Signature, Gait, ,Key stroke,Speech Recognition
The following link shows the recent development in ECG based recognition:
http://futuristicnews.com/ecg-biometrics-your-personal-heartbeat-id/
Other physiological Biometric identifiers :
palm vein --> http://www.biometricnewsportal.com/palm_biometrics.asp
finger knuckle
Ear geometry
Nose geometry
Dear Dr. Soyata,
We have so many biometric identifiers just like face, finger, palm, iris, retina, voice etc. Our signature is also a part of it. We have some other type of identifiers like DNA, skin and even our stepping while walking. So, the things which are personalise, we can use as biometric identifiers. But for ECG, I don,t think so that it can work for recognition purpose.
Hi all, thanks you for all of your answers. Is there a book for algorithms for biometric identifiers ?
Dear Dr. Tolga,
Face Recognition, Hand Geometry bio-metric, Finger-print Recognition, Retina Scan, Iris Scan, Signature, Voice recognition.
Dear Tolga
"Advances in Biometrics: Sensors, Algorithms and Systems"
Springer
Ear, Iris recognition, Retina Recognition,Face, Fingerprint, Finger Geometry, Gait, Hand Geometry, Odour, Signature, Typing recognition, voice, vein, DNA, ECG.
Probably almost everybody knows that an identity card is a piece of cardboard or plastic that is shown to security guards, police officers, immigration staff. Cards are issued by all manner of organisations: universities issue them to staff and students, governments issue them to citizens, companies issue them to their staff. Most of these cards contain some basic details such as name, a photograph of the person's face and a reference number that allows the card to matched to some central record held by the card issuer. Some of the more sophisticated cards also contain magnetic strips or barcodes that can be used with other machines to unlock doors so that the card acts like a key.
Put simply biometric information is information about a specific person's body. Hair colour and height are simple examples of biometric information. However for identification purposes hair colour and height are not very useful information because they change relatively rapidly (hair colour is changed by dye or by sunshine or by age; a person's height varies throughout the day according to the pressure on the spine). For identification purposes the most well known type of biometric information is the fingerprint; these are used because it is believed that no two people have the same patterns in the skin of their fingers and the patterns are relatively constant; they might change a little as a person gains or loses weight but the patterns remain recognisable. Another commonly used form of biometric information is DNA sequences. DNA is the biological code that is present in every cell in the body and that describes each individual person.In the 21st century it is possible to store quite large amounts of information in very small spaces. The information can be stored on a microchip on the card or on a magnetic strip. These are the same technologies that have been used on credit cards for some years. The amount of storage space needed to describe a person's fingerprints can easily be stored on a small microchip and that microchip can quite easily be embedded into thin plastic like a credit card — this is the same sort of technology as is used on the “chip and pin” cards that UK banks have been issuing since about 2003.
What biometric information will be stored on the card?
The government has not yet been able to decide exactly what information will be stored. There are many issues to consider. Whatever measurement is chosen must be something that doesn't generally change, and that can be easily provided by most people, including disabled or elderly people. The most likely candidates are finger prints and images of the iris of the eye which, like fingerprints, are believed to be unique to each person.
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