Could you specify the key factors influencing access to drinking water for households in Kagera, such as geographical location, infrastructure availability, socio-economic conditions, and government initiatives?
Access to drinking water for households in Kagera, or any other region, is influenced by various factors that can be social, economic, environmental, or infrastructural in nature. so can you please spicify these factors so that we can answers more clearly.
According to a report by the Nile Basin Initiative, the Kagera basin, which spans across Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania, is characterized by low productive peasant agriculture and endemic poverty, severe land degradation linked to loss of soil fertility caused by population pressure and primitive farming methods. The riparian countries rank among the world's poorest countries. The basin area has insufficient water for household use and for grazing despite the abundant water sources found in the area. Soil erosion culminates in increased nutrient load in the river and into Lake Victoria, leading to severe water hyacinth problems and eutrophication. Wetlands have been exploited and degraded, and cross-border migrations of pastoralists cause conflicts.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that households' drinking water sources were significantly associated with the participant's age, educational status, source of income, monthly income, availability of additional facilities, cleanness status, scarcity of water, and family size. The study also found that the coverage of improved water and sanitation has been found to strongly correlate to household income and dwelling location, indicating severe inequalities in water-service provision between the rich and the poor and between rural and urban populations.
Another study published in PLOS ONE identified key facilitators to improved WaSH practices, including improved WaSH infrastructure, effective local community engagement, increased latrine ownership by individual households, and the development of social capital.
Source:
Kagera Factsheet May2015.pdf (nilebasin.org)
Determinants of water source use, quality of water, sanitation and hygiene perceptions among urban households in North-West Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study | PLOS ONE
all chemical and bacterial parameter should come within the permissible limits of quality water as per WHO standard'
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