What are the scientifically confirmed examples of changes in marine and ocean ecosystems caused by the probably faster global warming process and the increasing pollution of sea water toxic waste and assessments?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
There would be a great changes in physical, chemical and biological characteristics of marine and ocean ecosystem due to global warming. Increase in sea level, increase in surface water temperature, decrease in dissolved oxygen level, absorption of high rate of CO2 by water and soil may disrupt the buffering capacity with decrease in pH, leaching of coral lives, dissolution of marine bed minerals increasing salt content, biota would have to combat with excess osmotic pressure, ocean circulation may abruptly change, hydrological cycle may be affected that may change rainfall pattern in the globe.Increase in water temperature would increase the bio-chemical activities in biota changing life cycle pattern, alternation in biological succession, ultimately disrupting marine food chain. In a ward, in-numberable undesirable consequences may take place.
The marine and ocean ecosystems are experiencing notable changes due to global warming. Certain prominent impacts including rise in sea level, increase in water temperatures and thus influence on heat budget, leaching of coral reefs, increased influx of nutrients, and even changes in biota. Overall, the change are far more complex with influence on physical, chemical and biological oceanography.
Yes, the progressive global warming process adversely affects the ecosystems of the seas and oceans in many respects. In addition, the growing scale of pollution, waste, including plastic waste and many other toxic, non-biodegradable, contributes to adverse changes in many areas, sea zones and assessments, as well as biological depletion of biodiversity of ecosystems. The scale of this depletion is already beginning to be noticeable also for people in some areas of the sea, in which the number of fished fish is decreasing.
In addition, the rising temperature of the seas and oceans, which will be a derivative of the global warmning process, causes changes in ocean currents, which causes the appearance of new weather anomalies and climatic disasters also in land areas inhabited by people. Until recently, it was thought that seas and assessments, due to their high volume potential for land surfaces, would act as a kind of buffer factor for the global warming process. However, it turns out that the seas and oceans are unlikely to play the role of a buffer factor, they will only quickly undergo the global warmnig process and in this way may also become another factor strengthening the scale of increasingly occurring weather anomalies and climatic cataclysms.
Do you agree with my opinion?
As CO2 increases the pH of the surface water can decrease and that shifts the carbonate/bicarbonate equilibrium towards bicarbonate. That has the effect of decreasing the normal supersaturation of ocean surface waters with respect to CaCO3 (limestone, shell, etc.) (aka Ω). Organisms that produce lots of shell per unit body weight like hard corals, young oysters, and other shellfish depend upon this supersaturation to make shell without spending a lot of energy on the process. All these organisms where 80% or so of their total dry body wt is CaCO3 will fail to prosper and you may not have oysters to eat at a reasonable price or many coral reefs.
marine habitat destruction , shell dissolution due to ocean acidification, displacement of fish drying /processing yards, decline of seagrass meadows etc
There are various variations in global warming due to global warming, which can be as follows: 1. Changes in ecosystem chemistry (effects on emissions of other pollutants and secondary changes of pollutants) 2. Changing coral ecosystems and their whitening 3 Changes in spawning season and time, and then reduced species survival and so onAnd about pollutants1- Changes in liver enzymes in aquatic animals2. Effects on the activity of aquatic respiratory organs3. Closure of siphons of oysters4. The biological storage of pollutants in the body of aquatic organisms and their transmission through the food chain to humans
Eutrophication is one of the major anthropogenic impacts affecting marine benthic communities, but can also enhance hypoxia to anoxia and stratification resulting in massive mortality of benthic organisms. From the last century, increased level of CO2 cause increased DOC and acidification of oceans, especially of its upper layers in subtropical area, impacting on life of organisms that made their scelets from carbonates (corals, molluscs...).
Increased CO2 in atmosphere causes precipitation of carbonate in the marine realm which in a way act as sink. Global warming definitely causes increase of volume of water and in turn causes sea level rise. However, relative rise and fall of sea level is complex interplay of sedimentation rate, tectonic subsidence, actual rise in sea level. Hence global warming may not cause rise of sea level in all parts of the earth. With relative changes in sea level, biotic-zones in coastal ecosystem shift landwards or seawards.
Tarun,
You have carbonate chemistry of seawater backwards. Increasing CO2 decreases supersaturation and precipitation of carbonates. Play with CO2Calc software (free USGS software package) to get a feel for the very complex carbonate chemistry of seawater and how Ω (supersaturation) decreases with increasing CO2 partial pressures.
I am with same opinion with Dr Dallas Weaver. Increased level of CO2 in sea water may react with carbonate minerals to get dissolved as bicarbonate and disturb the strong buffering capacity of the aqueous as well as on the sediments. If the buffering capacity is lost only then reduction of water pH may be there. If Carbonate precipitation occurs ,then higher pH value is observed in seawater.
Coral bleaching
Fish migrations
Sea oater, penguins endanger condion
Barnacles disappearing
Are altered food web and ecosystem changing
Some seas, such as the Mediterranean, are heavily polluted with plastic waste. In this regard, the key question is: What kind of innovative technologies should be used to clean the seas and assess plastic waste?
Please reply
Reply to Dariusz. Fishing for plastics- at least once in a fortnight fishing vessels should resort to plastic removal from sea bed and recycle at shore.. It can help assess plastic pollution in sea and make sea free from plastic debries gradually.
I agree with your opinions and would like to add the following point. One of the significant negative effects of the global warming process occurring in the seas and oceans is the death of coral reefs and thousands of species of fauna and flora living in coral reefs in many places of the tropical and subtropical zone. This is an example of a catastrophic reduction of the biodiversity of the oceans and seas, which is a negative effect of the global warming process, which is moving faster and faster.
What do you think about this topic?
Do you agree with me on the above matter?
Please reply
The so-called "global warming". Why not to study the "Global Cooling" phenomena which will inevitably replace the "global warming" a temporary phenomenon which we observe at present (?).
Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,
The above discussion inspired me to the following considerations:
Due to the growing pollution of the seas and eocenes and climate change, it is necessary to increase the scale of development of the systemic protection of the natural biodiversity of the seas and oceans.
Particularly high natural biodiversity occurs in the subtropical zone. in land areas in tropical rainforest formations. However, in areas of seas and assessments, particularly high biodiversity occurs in coastal zones, in shallow seas of the subtropical and tropical zone, and atolls and islands. In these areas, if the water is not polluted, there are coral reefs characterized by a wealth of beautiful forms of life flora and fauna. The high biodiversity of coral reefs in recent years has been gradually degrading, which is mainly associated with the increasing pollution of sea and oceans water and in connection with the progressive rise in sea and ocean water temperatures due to the faster global warming process.
On the basis of the above considerations and conclusions from the discussion on interesting issues discussed, I formulated the following thesis that in connection with the growing pollution of the natural environment, including seas and oceans, and the accelerating global warming process, environmental protection systems, including natural sea ecosystems should be developed and oceans. As part of implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development, it is necessary to develop and improve systems of environmental protection of the biodiversity of the seas and oceans. Therefore, it is necessary to improve and develop instruments for systematic protection of the natural biodiversity of the oceans and seas.
Research shows that in recent years the problem of environmental pollution with plastics, mainly plastic waste, has been growing strongly. Recently, however, the growing problem of plastic pollution has recently begun to be seen, as well as pollution of both land and water environments of rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. The natural environment of rivers, lakes, seas and oceans receives increasing amounts of industrial wastewater and various types of waste, including non-degradable plastic waste. The oceans float with increasing stains, piles of garbage, mainly plastic, which are not biodegradable and pollute the natural flora and fauna of marine and oceanic ecosystems. Therefore, the global, international problem of pollution of the oceans and oceans is growing, which should be solved systemically at the supra-national level.
In the European Union, this problem has also been noticed at the level of policy and changes in legal regulations. An example is the introduction by the European Parliament of regulations according to which plastic in packaging can be used until 2021 and after 2021 it is to be replaced by biodegradable materials. However, this is only the beginning of the necessary ecological reforms, which should be implemented to a greater extent and on a global scale. Environmental reforms are necessary to reduce the negative effects of environmental pollution and the global warming process that is moving faster and faster. The implementation of the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development is necessary to avoid a global ecological and climate catastrophe, climate-related Armageddon, which may appear at the end of the 21st century if in the next dozen or so years classical economy is not changed into a green economy. There is little time left to save humanity and the biodiversity of planet Earth.
Global warming affects many processes in biological ecosystems. Different species of flora and fauna change their habitats and geographical areas according to climate change and specific geographical environments. Areas of occurrence of specific species are changing, e.g. insects in terrestrial areas as well as fish and arthropods in seas and oceans. Bird habitats are changing, so migrations of some bird species may also be modified. In a situation where forest areas are drained and turn into steppes and deserts, changes in natural habitats and areas of occurrence of species change and apply simultaneously to many species of flora and fauna.
The progressing global warming process is adversely affecting sea and ocean ecosystems in many respects. In addition, the growing scale of pollution, discarded waste, including plastic waste and many other toxic, non-biodegradable waste contributes to adverse changes in many areas, sea zones and assessments, and impoverishment of biological biodiversity of ecosystems. The scale of this impoverishment is already beginning to be noticeable also for humans in some regions of the sea, where the number of fish caught decreases.
In addition, rising sea and oceans temperature, which will be a derivative of the global warmning process, causes changes in ocean currents, which causes the appearance of new weather anomalies and climate disasters also in terrestrial inhabited areas. Until recently, it was thought that seas and assessments, due to their high volumetric potential for land surfaces, would act as a kind of buffer for the global warming process. However, it turns out that the seas and oceans are unlikely to act as a buffer factor, but will be subjected to the process of global warming more quickly and in this way may also become another factor strengthening the scale of the increasingly occurring weather anomalies and climate disasters.
In addition to the global warming process that is negatively affecting the oceans and oceans, another problem has been growing strongly in recent years, which is increasing pollution by plastic waste. Plastic, non-biodegradable waste is one of the most important environmental pollution problems. Plastic also poisons seas and oceans. Tons of plastic packaging lie at the bottom of the seas and oceans. Plastic bags break into small fragments, they are eaten by fish, which are poisoned with this plastic. thousands of plastic bottles float on the surface of the seas and oceans. Plastic is not biodegradable or decomposes only after thousands of years. Plastic bottles in forests can cause a forest fire.
In some countries, a recycling system for PET plastic bottles is already developed and drinks in these bottles are sold with a deposit, i.e. a reduction in the price of the product for recycling plastic bottles. In the European Union, by 2021, plastic is to be withdrawn from the packaging of products sold and replaced with biodegradable materials, e.g. made from cereals. For many years technologies of producing plates, cutlery made of rice, bran of various cereals have already been known, but they were not introduced on a massive scale. Reforms are needed to force manufacturers to replace environmentally toxic plastic with biodegradable materials. this process has already begun, but too little has been done about it. Such pro-ecological reforms should be implemented in all countries of the world and not only in some, because this is a global problem.
Pollution, mainly plastic waste, has been growing strongly in recent years, especially in developing countries. On the other hand, this problem has recently been noticed in the media because mainstream media has noticed that there has been an increase in public awareness of this problem. In addition, there have been technologies for producing biodegradable materials that have been able to replace plastic commonly used in various packaging and products for many years. Why are the technologies for the production of biodegradable materials of organic origin produced, inter alia, from agricultural products not becoming more widespread? Because for the needs of plastic packaging, a strong industry has developed for many years and efforts have been made to ignore the growing problem of plastic pollution. The strong lobby of the plastic manufacturers tried to ignore this problem on purpose. Finally, in some countries, public awareness is changing in this area and the media is noticing this problem. Finally, the growing problem of plastic environmental pollution, pollution of both land and water environments of rivers, lakes, oceans and oceans has recently started to be noticed. especially in the seas and oceans, plastic pollution, including micro plastic particles, which threaten entire biological marine ecosystems, has increased strongly in recent years.
Due to the growing problem of environmental pollution with non-biodegradable plastic, there have been many recent articles about environmental pollution with plastic waste. In the media, this problem also appears more and more often, but it is treated differently in individual countries. This is determined by many factors related to public awareness of the problem, the level of plastic pollution, harmfulness to health and other negative effects caused by these plastic waste, the development of industry and services based on plastic materials. In the European Union, this problem has also been noticed at the level of policy and changes in legal regulations. An example is the introduction by the European Parliament of regulations according to which plastic in packaging can be used until 2021 and after 2021 it is to be replaced by biodegradable materials. This is an example of significant changes in the approach to the problem of environmental pollution with plastic waste. These types of issues are widely commented and described in the media but to varying degrees in individual countries.
In this connection, the key question arises: what should a man do regarding the implementation of the principles of sustainable ecological development in the coming years? How to protect the Earth's biosphere, natural biodiversity and thus humanity against destruction, against climate-related Armageddon at the end of the 21st century? In connection with the current progress of civilization in recent decades, there has been an acceleration in the development of industry, motorization, urban agglomerations, intensification of agricultural production, etc. and related greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, the ozone layer in the atmosphere is decreasing, environmental pollution is increasing, and the problem of smog is increasing in urban agglomerations, an increase in pollution of the seas and oceans into which unsorted waste is thrown away, are cut as part of the predatory economy of tropical forests in the Amazon and other largest natural forest ecosystems.
In addition, the secondary effect of global warming of the Earth's climate is the increasing, more and more frequent weather anomalies, including drought, leading to steppe and desertification of areas that were previously natural forest ecosystems or areas exploited by agriculture. As a result of the above-mentioned processes, each year many species of flora and fauna are dying out irretrievably. As a result, natural biodiversity, which has evolved on Earth for millions of years, is diminishing. In this way, the natural resources of planet Earth are irretrievably reduced. In view of the above, the issue of environmental protection and biodiversity is one of the most important challenges of humanity in the 21st century. Classical economics must change towards a green economy based on a strategy of sustainable pro-ecological development.
In view of the above, in my opinion, due to the growing pollution of the natural environment, including seas and oceans, and the accelerating global warming process, it is necessary to develop environmental protection systems, including natural ecosystems of seas and oceans. As part of implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development, it is necessary to develop and improve systems of environmental protection of the biodiversity of the seas and oceans.
Do you agree with me on the above matter?
In view of the above, I am asking you the following questions:
- Why is plastic waste becoming one of the biggest environmental pollution problems?
- Are the seas and the assessed buffer of the global warmning process or are they subject to this process?
- What are the negative effects of the global warming process in the seas and oceans?
- What are examples of changes in marine and oceanic ecosystems caused by the ongoing global warming process?
- What are scientifically confirmed examples of changes in marine and oceanic ecosystems caused by the process of global warming, which is probably increasing faster and the increasing toxic pollution of sea and ocean waters?
- How can pollution be reduced, including seas and oceans, with plastic?
- Will the development of robotics and smart technology solve the problem of dramatically increasing pollution of the natural environment, including pollution of rivers, lakes, seas and oceans?
- Will the problem of growing environmental pollution by waste from non-biodegradable plastic be globally fully resolved by 2030?
- How should the instruments of systematic protection of natural biodiversity of seas and oceans be improved and developed?
- How should system and instruments of systematic protection of biodiversity of coral reefs be improved and developed?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please reply
I invite you to discussion
thank you very much
Best wishes
Dariusz Prokopowicz
California Current System...Xiu, P., Chai, F., Curchitser, E. N., & Castruccio, F. S. (2018). Future changes in coastal upwelling ecosystems with global warming: The case of the California Current System. Scientific reports, 8(1), 2866.
marine boundary layer clouds over the eastern Pacific...Lauer, A., Hamilton, K., Wang, Y., Phillips, V. T., & Bennartz, R. (2010). The impact of global warming on marine boundary layer clouds over the eastern Pacific—A regional model study. Journal of Climate, 23(21), 5844-5863.
the case of the Catalan Sea... Calvo, E., Simó, R., Coma, R., Ribes, M., Pascual, J., Sabatés, A., ... & Pelejero, C. (2011). Effects of climate change on Mediterranean marine ecosystems: the case of the Catalan Sea. Climate Research, 50(1), 1-29.
sub-tidal temperate coasts in Australia... Wernberg, T., Russell, B. D., Moore, P. J., Ling, S. D., Smale, D. A., Campbell, A., ... & Connell, S. D. (2011). Impacts of climate change in a global hotspot for temperate marine biodiversity and ocean warming. Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology, 400(1-2), 7-16.
Dear D A Gayan Nayanajith, Thank you very much for participating in this discussion and providing inspiring and informative answers to the above question: What are the examples of changes in marine and ocean ecosystems caused by the ongoing global warming process?
Thank you very much for the interesting information and inspiration to continue deliberations on the above-mentioned issues. I am glad that the above issue is basically fully compatible and the answer to the above question is affirmative. I am glad that the discussion is taking place and developing on this topic.
Greetings,
All the best,
Stay healthy!
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dear Noor Mahdi
,Thank you for the kind words. Best regards and invite you to the discussion.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
A key issue in cleaning the seas and oceans of pollution is the development of technology to trap plastic waste and to purify water in rivers that flow into the seas and oceans.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dear Leonid V Vladimirov,
Thanks for your reply. You added a new perspective to our discussion. "Global cooling" is a process that has taken place in the past for periods of many thousands or millions of years. On the other hand, the present global warming has been taking place only for over 1 century and it is constantly accelerating.
Thank you, Greetings,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
They include air and water temperature warming, seasonal shifts in species, coral bleaching, sea level rise, coastal inundation, coastal erosion, harmful algal blooms, hypoxic (or dead) zones, new marine diseases, loss of marine mammals, changes in levels of precipitation, and fishery declines.
https://oceanfdn.org/ocean-and-climate-change/#:~:text=They%20include%20air%20and%20water,of%20precipitation%2C%20and%20fishery%20declines.
Seems like overfishing, bottom trawling, and similar activities may be more important in terms of real measurable impacts on the oceanic ecology. We have genetically shifted the size distributions of fish, recycle nutrients into the water column for algae blooms with bottom trawling, clear-cut the ocean bottoms.
For example, using gov't data on shrimp fishing in the Gulf, bottom trawlers put 9 times more Phosphorous into the water column in the area of the dead zone off the Mississippi river than what is contributed by the river itself.
It is just easier to blame "climate change" and upstream farmers and cities for the problems created by politically correct, salt of the earth, fishermen.
Even sea-level rise at example sites often has more to do with ground sinking than sea-level rising. Putting water or CO2 back underground can stop the sinking and even elevate the land again. Long Beach Calif. has some areas sink 20+ feet from oil/water removal and putting water back in elevates some areas 3 feed and they weren't even trying to elevate the land. Even experiments for CO2 injection elevated the land in Algeria, and that could be used to actually counter the sinking in high land value areas.
Removing CO2 at $100/ton could elevate a ha of land (about 20 city lots) by 0.1 mm and with a sea-level rise of about 3 to 4 mm/yr. To keep up with the rise, it would take about 36 tons of CO2/ha/yr injected very deep underground where CO2 exists as a liquid. That would be about $180/yr/lot to save your house and that is small relative to most property taxes in coastal cities.
Dear Chuck A Arize,
Yes. You have highlighted a number of significant negative effects, including the decline in biodiversity in marine ecosystems caused by global warming.
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dear Dallas Weaver,
You added important new issues to our discussion about the overfishing of fish and other marine animals and the issue of raising coastal land at risk of flooding. Interesting technological solutions for soil lifting by pumping CO2 deep into specific layers of underground rocks.
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
I express my worries on greenery increase in arctic regions; since greenery is falling down in other areas due to global warming.
Have a look on the image available on https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3025/warming-temperatures-are-driving-arctic-greening/ .
Sea level rise
The increase in global temperature triggers the process of expansion of ocean water volume and additional input of waters from sources like glaciers, which were locked on the land. This causes the level of seawater to rise from its normal position. The sea level has elevated more than 120 metres since the peak of the last ice age about 18,000 years ago. The bulk of that occurred before 6000 years ago. From 3000 years ago to the start of the 19th century, sea level was almost constant, rising at 0.1 to 0.2 mm/yr. Since 1900, the level has risen at 1–2 mm/yr (http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/295.htm), and since 1992, satellite altimetry from TOPEX/Poseidon indicates a rate of about 3 mm/yr (http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/295.htm). An increase of 1.5 to 4.5 °C temperature is estimated to lead to an increase of 15 to 95 cm of the sea level (IPCC, 2001).
The three primary contributing factors to sea level rise often cited are: (1) ocean thermal expansion: (2) glacial melt from Greenland and Antarctica (plus a smaller contribution from other ice sheets): and (3) the change in terrestrial storage. Until recently, ocean thermal expansion was expected to be the dominating factor behind the rise in sea level. However, new data sets on rates of deglaciation in Greenland and Antarctica suggest significant contribution of glacial melt, especially due to the uncertainty surrounding the dynamics of outlet glaciers (Hansen et al., 2005; Hanna et al., 2005; Howat et al., 2007; Krabill et al., 2004; Meier et al., 2007; Rignot and Kanagaratnam, 2006; Stroeve et al., 2007; Velicogna and Wahr, 2006). Although there is continued evidence of ice sheet growth in the Eastern regions of Antarctica (Davis et al., 2005), when coupled with the measured losses in the West, and including Greenland, the evidence appears to point in the direction of increased sea level rise. The implications of these findings for sea level rise could be dramatic. The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets contain enough water to raise the sea level by almost 70 m (Hansen et al., 2005), so even small changes in the their volume would have a significant effect.
Paleoclimatic information also indicated that the warmth of the last half-century is unusual in at-least the past 1,300 years. About 1,25,000 years ago polar regions were relatively warmer than at present. Reductions in polar ice volume led to 4-6 m of sea level rise (IPCC, 2007). As new researches on the impacts of warming are coming in the light of publications, more confidence is developing with respect to the ranges of impact, but current evidence leads to an alarming possibility that a threshold triggering many meters of sea level rise could be crossed well before the end of this century (Hansen, 2006; Overpeck et al., 2006).
Several regional and local level case studies have been cited in favour of sea level rise due to global warming in different parts of the planet Earth. However, many case studies are not directly related to increase in temperature or expansion of ocean water mass, rather other factors like sea bed rise or tectonic reasons are also standing in ques with significant proofs behind sea level rise (Raha et al., 2012).
In context to India, The Independent (a news agency) reported in December 2006 that the first island claimed by rising sea levels caused by global warming in Indian Sundarbans was Lohachara Island. However several scientists have contradicted the correlation between erosion of Lohachara Island and global warming and forwarded tectonic cause as one of the important reasons behind the loss of landmass of Lohachara Island. The Indian Sundarbans at the apex of the Bay of Bengal (between 21013/ to 22040/ N latitude and 88003/ to 89007/ E longitude) is basically a deltaic complex of approximately 426,300 ha formed by the depositional activities of the Ganges and the Brahmaputra. A group of islands and a dense network of rivers, canals and creeks comprise the area. It has been suggested that, in the past, the tidal swamps of the Sundarbans extended landward to the base of the Rajmahal hills and filled up in the later part of the Tertiary period (Fergusson, 1863). A number of geomorphological and resultant hydrological changes have contributed to the present location and condition of the Sundarbans. Tectonic movements in the late Tertiary period in northwestern Punjab changed the course of the Indo-Brahma River. Some workers consider this phenomenon as the cause behind the beginning of the southeastern flow of the River Ganges (Wadia, 1961). Geologists believe that there was a general southeastern slope of the Bengal Basinduring the Tertiary period. The Ganges started flowing down this slope and created a new delta through thousand years of time by silt deposition. Gradually the western part of Bengalbelow the Rajmahal hills rose in level and became suitable for human settlement. Later evidence suggests that the Bengal Basintilted eastward during the 12th century because of neo-tectonic movement (Morgan and McIntire, 1959). The tectonic movements of the basin in different geological periods are one of the important causes for the loss of landmass in some islands.
Dear Prabhat Ranjan,
Yes, the process of global warming is causing disturbing environmental changes also in the Arctic zone.
Thank you very much,
Greetings,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dear Abhijit Mitra,
Thank you very much for your highly substantive, interesting contribution to our discussion.
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Sea level rise, mass coral reef bleaching; change in sea temperature occurs which affects the growth rate of aquatic organisms’ and also influences their behavioural performance. It also affect the habitat
preference of species and their survival. In addition, incidences of coastal erosion and coastal flooding also observed. Moreover, the entire food web in the aquatic ecosystem is likely to affected with temperature change pertaining to global warming.
Dear Jaskiran Kaur,
Yes. That's right. You pointed out the significant negative effects of the impact of the global warming process on marine and oceanic natural ecosystems.
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coralreef-climate.html I think this will help you Dr Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dear Irshad Ahamad Khilji,
Thanks for the link to the interesting publication. Yes, unfortunately the coral reefs are dying out very quickly. This is one of the many negative effects of the ongoing process of global warming and the pollution of the seas and oceans with waste and over-fertilization of farmlands. Coral reef extinction is a huge loss of biodiversity in marine and oceanic ecosystems.
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
I think an important process to note is that of marine fishes moving poleward and to greater depths (cooler waters). At present, our marine protection areas and systems are not accounting for these range expansions which means there is potential for protection measures (like pausing of fishing activity in spawning grounds, and no take zones) to be less effective. This will lead to population decline in commercially important and vulnerable species, and eventually future shortcomings in the fishing industry. Government sustainability targets will not be met, and over exploitation of the seas will continue.
Dear Elsa,
Yes, the change in foraging areas and the decline in fish abundance in marine and oceanic populations are significant negative effects of the ongoing global warming process and the continuing increasing level of pollution of the seas and oceans from various types of waste, including plastic waste, and municipal and post-agricultural pollution flowing into the seas and oceans in polluted rivers. To the negative effects of the global warming process, I would also add a change in the composition of marine natural ecosystems, excessive development of algae and cyanobacteria, death of coral reefs, etc.
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz
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