Both are motor disorders causing orofacial abnormal movement . Are there any differences in pathogenesis , diagnosis and treatments ?
Dyskinesia usually follows treatment with centrally acting drugs such as neuroleptics, and overlaps with stereotyped motor disorder. Dystonia is usually of unknown cause. There are two types, one like Meige's syndrome, and the ones like embouchure dystonia, which is not only seen in musicians, but also triggered by drinking etc..
The treatment consists mostly of the same drugs, and botulinum toxin according to functional impairment.
I think this article may help you
Best regards
Article Tardive and idiopathic oromandibular dystonia: A clinical comparison
Dyskinesia should be restricted to describing a movement disorder with 2 or more movement disorders (strictly speaking 3 or more movement disorders), one of which may be Dystonia. In oral dyskinesia, the implication is that there is some dystonia (posturing) , and perhaps some chorea. These terms are descriptors, and do not on their own imply the underlying diagnosis.
Dear Binith Joseph Cheeran ,
Thank for your answer,but I want to ask you, could we say that Dystonia is a variant of Dyskinesia?
Dystonia is often a component movement disorder in Dyskinesia.
For example in Levodopa induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease or in Huntingdon's Dyskinesia, the principal components are dystonia and chorea.
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