I'm a new researcher in control field. What are the differences between networked control, cooperative control and multi-agent systems? I read some papers on these issues. It seems that different paper has different modelling process and problem statement. Even some recent review papers don't have clear comparison among these concepts. Any answers and comments are welcome.
networked control
A Networked Control System (NCS) is a control system wherein the control loops are closed through a communication network. The defining feature of an NCS is that control and feedback signals are exchanged among the system's components in the form of information packages through a network.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networked_control_system?veaction=edit&vesection=2
Multi-agent system
A multi-agent system (M.A.S.) is a computerized system composed of multiple interacting intelligent agents within an environment. Multi-agent systems can be used to solve problems that are difficult or impossible for an individual agent or a monolithic system to solve. Intelligence may include some methodic, functional, procedural approach, algorithmic search or reinforcement learning. Although there is considerable overlap, a multi-agent system is not always the same as an agent-based model (ABM). The goal of an ABM is to search for explanatory insight into the collective behavior of agents (which don't necessarily need to be "intelligent") obeying simple rules, typically in natural systems, rather than in solving specific practical or engineering problems. The terminology of ABM tends to be used more often in the sciences and MAS in engineering and technology. Topics where multi-agent systems research may deliver an appropriate approach include online trading,[2] disaster response, and modeling social structures.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-agent_system
Cooperative control
Through a shared sensing/communication network, heterogeneous systems can now be controlled to operate robustly and autonomously; cooperative control is to make the systems act as one group and exhibit certain cooperative behavior, and it must be pliable to physical and environmental constraints as well as be robust to intermittency, latency and changing patterns of the information flow in the network.
Zhihua Qu, Cooperative Control of Dynamical Systems, Applications to Autonomous Vehicles, Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2009
Dear Yang Zheng,
Networked control system (NCS) is a closed loop (CL) control system with network communication as a medium for exchange data/information. For example, sensor measurement is send through a network to the controller and the output of the controller is send to the actuator through network. NCS involves single (CL) system only or can be called as single agent.
Multi-agent system(MAS) is a control system that is composed of multi-subsystem.
Networked multi-agent system (NMAS) is a control system that is composed of multi-subsystem that are physically separated but all of them able to communicate with each other through network communication. The subsystems can be identical or non-identical dynamics.
Cooperative is a behaviour of NMAS. All of them are sharing their information to operate autonomously towards their goal and completing the given task. There are a few types of cooperating behaviour for e.g. formation (mobile robot), flocking, consensus and etc. You can read my paper on the NMAS consensus.
What‘s the difference between cooperative control and coordinated control？ Any answers and comments are welcome.
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