Cultural problems are social and historical, and the society (which society? You don't say which one) is the focus to observ, not an specific age of a part of their childrens. As you propouse your question, it seems a problem in Evolutive Psicology.
Relate this research to the adults with whom these children reside. This will answer the question whether children's values are shaped individually or selected from the spectrum of values of guardians?
At each examination, children cannot be examined without considering the environment in which the respondent resides. Value differences may be the result of socialization rules.
At the age of 9-12 children have already formed the basic values: what is good and bad, what is happiness about, what is a good boy or girl or what is the best political system(democracy). According to Inglehart and others author, we will not change easyly our values after 18....