I want to fabricate a metamaterial and test its application for wireless commnication (frequency 2-8GHz) , i need to know the acceptable power losses so that i can determine the suitability of my results.
You could compare it to existing COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) solutions, like this one: www.minicircuits.com/pdfs/EP2C+.pdf
This is a divide-by-two splitter with a typical loss of 0.8dB at 2GHz and 1.8 at 8GHz (on top of the 3dB splitting "loss").
if you have an excessive amount of power the only problem is not to go above the damage threshold for the specific material
if you have to sell it as a high efficiently device the power losses should be as low as possible compatible with existing commercially available materials
The metamaterials usually use more metal than traditional designs. Thus, you may expect just a bit more losses as compared to a traditional design. Also, some structure use capacitive effects and then you can expect stronger effects from the dielectic losses.
As a sample reference, you may want to look at metamaterial based filters, e.g. google for "metamaterial filter loss GHz" (there are more papers on filters than on splitters). You will see that the losses seem fairly comparable to the traditional designs.
The key "losses" will still be due to the physics of the design (splitting power into two will automatically drop the level by 3dB, plus actual losses due to metal, dielectric and radiation).
Reference at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224319418_Bandwidth-Enhanced_Quadrature_Power_Splitter_and_Balun_Using_Metamaterial_Transmission_Lines
shows total insertion loss of around 4dB (i.e. 1dB over the best achieved 3dB)
Otherwise, a nice overview of different variations of splitters is available in
http://www.jpier.org/PIERC/pierc18/19.10101004.pdf
(although it does not give the losses for the [21] with metamaterials)
Reference at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mop.26519/pdf
shows an alternative broadband design (not metamaterial)
You may also want to look at more references by for example googling for "metamaterial broadband power splitter loss GHz"
I hope this helps.
Conference Paper Bandwidth-Enhanced Quadrature Power Splitter and Balun Using...
The acceptability is application dependant. However, as a rule of thumb you can think of about 0.5 dB plus or minus some suitable tolerances. With the variation of frequency, it material dependant characteristic, the higher side losses should be restricted to about 1 to 1.5 dB for wide frequency range. Efficient system is a motto of designer
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