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That's very helpful! Thank you Fadwa!

You are welcome.

Hello Daniel,

In the US, used widely in school age children and adolescents is an instrument that is computer scored and very helpful to parents and teachers. It is called the BASC Behavioral Assessment for School-Aged Children. Gives measures on many variables, one of which is Internalizing and externalizing behavior.

It uses three informants: parent, ( or parents) and two teachers. It is usually one of the first scales administered. Guidance counselors, psychologists use it. Child/ adolescent Therapists may ask for it to supplement diagnostic impressions Parents may ask for this specific instrument. .

It does not specifically diagnose, It generates a report in terms of " at-risk", or "clinically significant". It is used widely in PPT meetings (Pupil Planning and assessment for school services) Best of all, it is computer scored, as well as generating a report. Easy to administer, easy to interpret. In independent research, one has to buy the software, or use a school-based colleague.

Janet D'Arcangelo, Independent Researcher, New York University.

Dear Daniel

Mannheim Parental Interview (MPI)

The MPI (Esser, Blanz, Geisel, & Laucht, 1989) is a structural, standardized, clinical interview that detects indications of a psychological disorder and ascertains the severity of the disorder. The interview is divided into three parts: the parents’ and child’s demographic and social statistics, child and adolescent psychiatric symptoms, and socio-familial conditions/and important life events and family adversity scores. The questions regarding child and adolescent psychiatric symptoms are grouped as individual symptoms, at the end of which each is assessed according to clearly stipulated criteria as to whether and to what extent a specific symptom is present. On the basis of this evaluation, one can also assess the severity of the psychiatric problem on a scale of 1 to 4 (PsGesMj). The MPI makes distinctions between externalizing and internalizing disorders. The interrater reliability is .71--1.0, i.e. the kappa coefficient of concurrence of the diagnoses was determined as r=.71 (percentage of concurrence 79% between the clinical, professional opinions). The validity indicates a concurrence of 64% among clinical, professional opinions (Unnewehr, Schneider, & Margraf, 1995).

Best greetings

Egon