Follow this chapter " On-Line Algorithms in Machine Learning" by Avrim Blum. From this you may get something

Article Online machine learning algorithms to optimize performances ...

Online learning is education that takes place over the Internet. It is often referred to as “e-learning” among other terms. However, online learning is just one type of “distance learning” - the umbrella term for any learning that takes place across distance and not in a traditional classroom.

The learning phase of an algorithm and its work phase can be clearly separated (batch learning) or run simultaneously (online learning).