What are mineral and organic constituents of soil and their role in maintaining soil productivity and role of soil organic matter in nutrient and organic carbon management?
Organic matter contributes to nutrient retention and turnover, soil structure, moisture retention and availability, degradation of pollutants, and carbon sequestration. Mineral is the inorganic component of soil which includes soil particles. Organic matter is the organic component of soil which includes the residue of dead plants, animals and organisms. It consists of nutrients necessary for plant growth such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Minerals increase soil productivity by increasing the rate of water absorption. Minerals in the soil can eventually be used for plant growth and production. Minerals in the soil decrease the rate of plant growth and therefore productivity of the soil. Mineral is the inorganic component of soil which includes soil particles. Organic matter is the organic component of soil which includes the residue of dead plants, animals and organisms. It consists of nutrients necessary for plant growth such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Soil organic matter significantly improves the soil's capacity to store and supply essential nutrients and to retain toxic elements. It allows the soil to cope with changes in soil acidity, and helps soil minerals to decompose faster. Soil fertility and nutrient management is one of the important factors that have a direct impact on crop yield and quality. Irrespective of the size of your field or plot, supplying plants with the right amount of nutrients at the right time is the key to a successful production enterprise. Higher soil organic carbon promotes soil structure or tilth meaning there is greater physical stability. This improves soil aeration and water drainage and retention, and reduces the risk of erosion and nutrient leaching. Organic matter contributes to nutrient retention and turnover, soil structure, moisture retention and availability, degradation of pollutants, and carbon sequestration. Soil organic matter is an important factor in providing a nutrient supply and in nutrient cycling, especially of nitrogen, but also of significant proportions of phosphorus and sulphur and other micronutrients.
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