Although global catches have remained relatively stable over the past 20 years, there is still a lack of reliable information on fishing capacity and fishing effort needed to assess the sustainability and efficiency of the global fleet (Bell, J.D., Watson, R.A. and Ye , Y. (2017) Global fishing capacity and fishing effort from 1950–2012. Fish and Fisheries, 18(3), 489–505). However, there is still no unified methodology for assessing fishing power and fishing effort, just as there are no established definitions of these concepts. To be comprehensive, any measure must cover all fishing operations, from coastal fisheries without vessels to fishing expeditions involving tens or hundreds of large modern vessels (Bell et al. 2017). Thus, given the widespread recognition that overfishing capacity is a serious environmental and economic problem, there are still no generally accepted empirical methods for assessing fishing capacity (Asche, 2007) and, as a result, no methods for assessing the environmental impacts of fisheries. We are working on solving this problem and will soon publish our vision of fishing theory 2.0.

@all Fisheries development and management face various challenges globally, reflecting the complex interplay of environmental, economic, and social factors. Some of the key issues include:

Addressing these challenges requires a holistic and integrated approach that combines environmental conservation, effective governance, social equity, and economic sustainability. International collaboration and the involvement of local communities are essential for developing and implementing solutions to these complex issues.