You might want to read Garcia-Marirrodriga et al. report on lipid profile changes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (DOI: 10.1007/s11695-011-0534-7) LDL reduction, HDL increase, etc. were observed. However, note the initial BMI (44) of the subjects as well.
There have been various studies in animal models and humans that show changes in serum or plasma fatty acids post bariatric surgery. For example, increased fasting fatty acids have been shown to correlate with weight loss post surgery (in pigs). Andreas Lindqvist, Mikael Ekelund, Eliana Garcia-Vaz, Marcus Ståhlman, Stefan Pierzynowski, Maria F. Gomez, Jens F. Rehfeld, Leif Groop, Jan Hedenbro, Nils Wierup, Peter Spégel
There is a review by Kaska et al that summarises changes in bile acids and fatty acids post bariatric surgery and draws associations between these changes and glucose metabolism. Lukasz Kaska, et al
World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Oct 21; 22(39): 8698–8719. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i39.8698
Some papers suggest increased use of fatty acids as an energy source post surgery Palleja et al
see also Belgaumkar AP, et al Obes Surg. 2016;26:1195–1202.
There is also a nice paper by Morcillo et al showing correlations between changes in fatty acids post surgery and altered methylation patterns - Marcello et al Sci Rep. 2017; 7: 46292. doi: 10.1038/srep46292