Soils at higher elevations are rich in humus and nitrogen but are deficient in potash. Due to presence of humus the soils are acidic in nature with high water holding capacity. Soils at higher elevations are suitable for cultivation of tea, coffee, spices and fruits.
Soils in plains are poor in humus and nitrogen but are generally rich in potash. Soils in plains are neutral, saline or alkaline and they have lower water holding capacity. Soils in plains are suitable for cultivation of paddy, wheat, maize and barely.