Toll roads with reduced fares for carpooling.

Of course reducing bad behavior is only half the battle, you need to make better alternatives favourable, e.g. Make sure there are good bike paths/ public transport

Thank you for all the replies. I agree, only by road/congestion pricing won't be sufficient, the users have to perceive that the extra money they pay returns as a benefit somehow or else it will sound just as another tax and won't be a very successful policy...

Not too much of an argumen here. I agree with you all. Just pricing congestion would not be enough. However, pricning congestion could supply the money to implement the carrot part of the mobility policy.

Todd Litman wrote an article on this general topic which is worth reading ("Smarter congestion relief in Asian cities", 2013). Maybe - in a different type of congestion pricing - it would be an idea to charge planners and decision-makers for the policies which caused the congestion in the first place.

Beijing is seriously considering this issue, and planning to introduce congestion charging in 2015 (as earliest) and combine it with the low-emission zone strategy. However, I do not think congestion charging is the best economic solution. One problem in Beijing here is that it does not make good use of the parking pricing policy.

Absolutely the congestion is an important factor that influences the several prices, since tourism area, until property (real Estate) value. There are stages on which that a little congestion could generate positive externalities; with highest prices; but the profits distribution never will be equitable. But after this stage, the congestion almost always has negative effects over prices, if consumer is demanding. Since the point of view from economics, exist some methods for to calculate these effects on the prices, like contingent valuation or multicriteria analysis. It is important to consider the supposed that these methods.