tracking mechanism are complex. i am in quest of a solar concentration technique in which no tracking is involved. we can concentrate by static mirrors. so please suggest me if you know something
The tracking mechanism not only are complex but also they are not really cost effective. For this reason, the tracking systems are not totally popular.
The maximum solar energy will be acquired from the sun when solar irradiation and the installation surface have the orthogonal position with each other. Some researchers provide optimum angles for different seasons in a year for the constant installation. You can find these data by referring to the following references:
1- book: Applied photo voltaic by Wenham, et. al.
2- book: Wind and Solar power systems by Patel.
Although these books are based on the electrical power plant installation, some chapters which discuss the optimum angle for constant angle installations would help you to install the mirrors optimally.
On the other hand, you can use the online data bases which evaluate the solar irradiation in each point on the earth and find the best angle to setup the mirrors in each season in a year.
Suggest you study mathematical optics and factors such as numerical aperture. These will indicate that non-tracking optics and concentrating optics are generally exclusive. Consider the effect of reversing the direction of the light in a 'non tracking concentrator' (since light rays in linear systems are fully reversible). Where does it go? How does the light 'know' which source to go to? One single light ray can't go everywhere.
I would also add to Emad''s answer concerning tracking systems - there are no plants whose leaves track the sun - only their flowers. If after 400 million years nature hasn't found it cost effective to track the sun, and over a wide range of climatic conditions, neither will we.
If you are looking to concentrate solar energy without the need for solar tracking, consider the CPC (compound parabolic concentrator) technology, which can be very useful when medium-low temperatures are needed.
I have attached some articles that will help you to understand them.
Article Modeling, construction and experimentation of a compound par...
Conference Paper Estudio experimental de concentradores solares tipo CPC bajo...
Are you looking to concentrate solar energy, or distribute it for illumination purposes? If the latter you may find the following of interest:
http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/newsroom/pr_story.asp?id=265
You can use covex lenses to concentrate solar radiation at a point.
If it is for illumination ,you may use concave mirrors to illuminate a dark chamber using multiple reflections.
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