I want to take this opportunity to seek scholarly clarification regarding al-Jāḥiẓ. On the one hand, al-Jāḥiẓ wrote Risālat al-Mu‘allimīn, which appears to defend and advocate for the dignity of teachers.

On the other hand, some sources suggest that he also wrote satirical passages about teachers that seem to undermine their authority.

How should I address and explain this apparent contradiction in my book? Any references about this? Thank you.