As far as I know, almost always the mechanism of the design of wind turbines is for one direction, which it generates electricity-power based on one way of the main wind in the particular region where is installed and it has been designed for the best efficiency of it, however my question is that regardless the mechanism of the turbine, should we consider the effects of the opposite direction wind, i.e. effects like the fatigue phenomenon for designing the most effected parts of the whole structure like the foundation of it?
Sure you have to consider fatigue for metal parts, check the following links
http://www.ewea.org/annual2015/conference/submit-an-abstract/pdf/3711115706597.pdf
Article Cross-wind fatigue analysis of a full scale offshore wind tu...
http://mragheb.com/NPRE%20475%20Wind%20Power%20Systems/Fatigue%20Loading%20in%20Wind%20Turbines.pdf
Wind has a PREVAILING direction, not a constant one, and variable directions. Foundation should be designed for fatigue and all wind directions
Many thanks Dr. Ahmed Ebid for the links and references, by reading them, as I also expected all the metal parts must be fully designed and retrofitted for the cyclic loads and consequently the fatigue phenomenon; hence at the moment, I am only focusing on the foundation of the whole structure, I realised that the bolts must be fatigue-resistant as mentioned in the article about "Taikoyama Wind Power Plant", thus consequently the foundation induced to the following cyclic loads directly and/or indirectly, as also mentioned in the second article, i.e. "Fatigue Loading in Wind Turbines:
1. The gravitational force caused by the pull of the Earth on the mass of the blade.
2. The centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor blade.
3. The wind thrust acting perpendicular to the plane of the rotor blade.
4. other rapidly varying forces arising from wind turbulence.
Now my other questions is that how the foundation of such a structure could be retrofitted? And also some more hints about the the design of the bolts if possible.
Thank you very much professor Giorgio Soave for the helpful comment, truly the very proper word for the direction of the wind is prevailing direction. As for the foundation, and more specifically the concrete itself which measures could be recommended?
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