I am studying an application of Competence Based Training by teachers. I want to know how they apply it in classrooms, if they have any Pedagogy Content Knowledge (PCK) deficiency in using such a teaching approach and finally i want to develop learning materials to fill/intervene the identified skills gap
All of your goals sound like the standard application of research methods to substantive questions, with the goal of producing knowledge that can be used in practice. Given that very coherent package, I have to wonder why you are concerned about abstract, philosophical issues like the nature of reality (ontology), the possibility of true knowledge (epistemology), or the place of ethical issues within a metaphysical framework (axiology).
Dear Henry
I think you have more paradigms to implement you theory.
Best regards
Ingrid Garcìa
Read chapter 4 of the attached book on "understanding research philosophy and approach to theory development.
You will need to look into those questions if you are in doubt about the research paradigm to adopt for your research. Each research paradigm, or stream of the Philosophy of Science, answers differently to the four key questions. You may wish to have a look, here at ResearchGate, at these slides from one of my courses: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337155557_Philosophy_of_Science
Henry,
I think there are a couple of different ways to address philosophical issues in your research. One way might be by discussing the inherent assumptions and limitations of your methods given your paradigm. This way would be examining the philosophy of science via your research methods. However, what might be more appropriate would be to understand where the teachers and students exist within the paradigms. This approach would be a philosophical examination of pedagogy. For instance, if I am a positivistic learner who values the "sage on the stage" approach I might struggle to learn from a teacher who utilizes constructivists pedagogical approaches because I don't believe I can obtain knowledge for myself or through collaboration with my similarly uninformed peers. Alternatively, if the approaches the teachers are expected to implement exist outside of their paradigm of practice, they might not be able to appropriately implement those techniques. To integrate the pedagogy discussion, it might be beneficial to research teaching and learning styles and incorporate this assessment within your study. For example, you might recommend teachers diversify their teaching of a topic as a means to allow each learner to learn from a perspective that fits them and for the teacher to feel confident that they taught by ensuring that their most valued teaching style is incorporated.
I am typing from my phone with limited time at the moment, but I hope this helps!
For the basic, every teacher candidate should be know about theory of PCK. Cause when they learn about, they will find meaning of ontology, epistemology etc also the correlation with two of variable that you meant .. cheers;))
Henry,
I concur with Evan M.Harris but would like to add that taking a socio-cultural perspective on your research will bring issues of ontology, axiology + ... other ologies. With competency-based learning being a western concept, you may like to reflect on a range of questions. For instance, how does it fit your countries cultural, social reality and what uptake, effects may be expected. What conditions are or should be in place for them to happen?
Good luck with your research!
Henry,
You have had some very thoughtful responses to your question. I would just suggest additionally that you examine thoroughly where you stand on these issues. That will guide your selection of relevant research methods and will govern what you consider evidence. If you are doing doctoral research, you might consider including a chapter articulating your philosophy and where you fit among the relevant literature as a part of your literature review. My thesis had two chapters of literature review. One on my grappling with the relevant philosophical paradigm issues and one on the mathematics content issues from a historical research survey perspective. My thesis is freely available should you want to take a look. Hope this is helpful.
Pam
The metaphysics is the classroom, the epistemology is the conceptual representation (what you think is happening and ought to be happening, and why) the axiology is the values content and how to assess it by its results through student feedback, grades, and education standard.
Dear Henry
You are asking some very good questions that will hopefully lead to the development of relevant training material.
First, as has been stated above you need to decide where you stand. Are you going to take a positivist approach which states there is an absolute truth we can find or are you going to take a constructivist approach which states that there are many truths shaped by our culture, beliefs and perspectives.....that is are you going to approach your question from a quantitative perspective...do a test of teachers knowledge, observe teaching with a pre-determined checklist of behaviours to see if they have achieved learning. Or from a qualitative perspective....how have individuals learnt from the training and what have they been able to put into practice...what are the perceived facilitators and barriers to change, done through semi-structured interviews and observation. There is not a right or wrong here....it depends what question you are trying to answer.
Ontology = what is true...one truth (positivist) or many truths (constructionist)
Epistemology = how do we know the truth
Axiology = being aware of our own beliefs, values and biases and how this may impact our research.
Once you have determined your philosophical view then that will guide your methodology. It is probably best to read a basic textbook on research first.
I evaluated a medical education workshop using a qualitative case study approach. My thesis is available at University of Western Australia: Growing medical educators in the Pacific - How do knowledge and skills learned from a medical education workshop translate to Fijian clinicians teaching practice.
Hope that helps.
Sinead
Please try to understand these terms of your research. If you still feel unsure then let me know please.
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