I would like to understand, other than teaching and leaning, what have been real output from the research undergoing in academic institutions across the world? Please also provide some examples to easily understand this matter.
I can tell you the cases of engineering faculty of Jadavpur University where major focus is applied part of engineering. In most of the cases emphasis is given on those outcomes which has social impact and address challenges of the society. Innovation is the key theme of current research trend. Im my case, while conducting study on quality parameters of online learning resources, I have conducted several study on impact of online learning in real world scenarios for students and working professionals. I have also developed direct measurement method of learning effectiveness which provides a quantitative estimates on effectiveness of organizational learning activities.It is now used by several organizations. This is one example from my research. There are couple of findings from my research are in use by the organizations. Same is with other researchers.
At present, researches activities are focused on applicability of outcomes, may be criteria change in the various research grant is the driving force.
Yes Research play a very vital and important role in social development. With the help of this you have to protect your society. New industries can be established. The current industries can be updated and corrected when required. So research is a dynamic activity not only to help teaching and learning.
An area that I believe has been greatly impacted by academic research is in societal views of disability/ability. Traditional notions of disability stem from a medical (deficit) model that seeks to "fix" people who are differently abled. Academic research/scholarship, particularly from the Disability Studies in Education field, has changed public perceptions, as well as industry hiring practices (although not nearly enough) to begin to think of everyone as having strengths and challenges, and that society has an obligation to create environments that support the abilities of all people. Again, I'm not suggesting the work is done...I'm only suggesting that academic research on strength-based approaches to education have strongly influenced public and industry perceptions and practices.