Considering the research point of view, MDX technology (Material Discrimination X-ray) have been used for years by the food processors to detect materials previously unseen by traditional X-ray or other conventional inspection means in difficult product applications, such as plastic, flat glass and low-density rocks.

Other than this, an FT-IR ( Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) instrument can measure particles of various sizes, and is useful in microplastics analysis or devices are based on terahertz technology can also be studied and analysed.